The conditions for high fusion performance in fusion devices can result in damaging energy bursts called edge-localized modes (ELMs). ELMs can be stabilized through small adjustments to the magnetic confinement field, but this approach is usually limited to manual, preprogrammed responses. In this research, scientists integrated machine learning with adaptive control to achieve real-time adjustment capable of responding to the dynamic conditions of a fusion plasma in the DIII-D National Fusion Facility and Korea Institute of Fusion Energy KSTAR tokamaks.

Understanding dairy cow behavior has been a hot topic of dairy science research in the last few decades. In a special issue of JDS Communications dedicated to behavior in dairy animals, a new study highlights the importance of environmental enrichment for improving the welfare of housed dairy cows. Researchers at the University of Nottingham found that introducing a simple novel object into the cows’ environment can significantly reduce boredom-associated behaviors, make the environment more engaging, and help the dairy science community better understand the effects of housing on behavior.

CSHL Professor Rob Martienssen has discovered that a molecule called pseudouridine guides epigenetic inheritance in plants and mammals. It does so by directing specific small RNAs into pollen and sperm. The finding may offer important clues into the mystery of how our bodies distinguish “self” from “nonself,” which could point to new ways of combating viruses in plants and animals.

HONG KONG (15 December 2024) --- A breakthrough in antenna technology that could revolutionise the future of wireless communications, particularly for the upcoming 6th generation (6G) networks, has been announced by a research team led by Professor Chan Chi-hou, Chair Professor of the Department of Electrical Engineering at City University of Hong Kong (CityUHK).

In a paper published in SCIENCE CHINA Chemistry, a facile and applicable method to in-situ modify the Al anode surface with F–Al–O chemical bonds has been developed, which could preferentially induce the planar growth of Al on Al anode, thus leading to the dendrite-free morphology evolution and improved cycling stability of Al metal batteries. This work provides novel insights on low-cost and facile strategies against the Al dendrite growth in rechargeable aluminum batteries.

In an LED, electroluminescence creates light through charge carriers that cause the semiconductor to emit photons. This emission can require more energy than is present in the semiconductor, and this excess energy comes from heat around the semiconductor. This makes a semiconductor into a cooling device. In this study, researchers proposed a way to improve the performance of this electroluminescent cooling by using multilayer semiconductors.

It is the first very high-energy flaring episode recorded from M87 since 2010. The data were collected by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration during a multi-wavelength observational campaign in 2018, using numerous orbiting telescopes such as NASA's Fermi, HST, NuSTAR, Chandra, and Swift, along with three of the largest Cherenkov telescopes: H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS

This study investigates the safety and efficacy of lentivirus-modified hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy (HSCGT) for treating advanced symptomatic juvenile metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD). MLD is a genetic lysosomal storage disease characterized by the dysfunction of arylsulfatase A (ARSA) or its activator prosaposin (PSAP), leading to the accumulation of sulfatides in the nervous system. The study found that HSCGT is safe and provides clinical benefits to patients with post-symptomatic juvenile MLD.