Ethylene is known to influence fruit physiology, but its specific role in regulating phenolic metabolism in grape seeds has remained unclear. 

Red light plays a crucial role in shaping flower development, yet its underlying influence on flowering timing in roses has remained unclear. 

Developing elite fruit cultivars typically requires long breeding cycles, especially in perennial woody species. 

Multi-element co-doping has become an effective approach to optimize thin-film quality and enhance device power conversion efficiency (PCE) in studies related to CZTSSe solar cells. However, most of co-doping studies have primarily concentrated on the isolated effects of individual doping elements on CZTSSe thin films, often neglecting the potential interactions between co-doping elements. This study investigates the interactions between Li and Ag in CZTSSe thin films, revealing the underlying mechanism by which Ag incorporation enhances the Li tolerance. These findings provide valuable insights and guidance for future studies on co-doping strategies.

The atomically precise [Au₁₃Ag₁₂(PPh₂Py)₁₀Cl₈]PF₆ supported on activated carbon (AC) were utilized as a catalyst for epoxide cycloaddition with CO₂. The reaction shows high efficiency and wide substrate tolerance. Mechanistic study reveals the that structural flexibility at the waist Ag-Cl bonds dominates the coordination of epoxide, and then the electrophilic attack of CO₂ and the cyclization enables the catalytic reaction. This study implies that the structural flexibility of the surface blocks might be an advantage of metal nanoclusters in catalysis.