The Spanish criminal justice system imposes significantly longer prison sentences when the victim of a homicide is a woman. That is a conclusion of a study undertaken by a research team at the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC) which performed a systematic analysis of the sentences handed down by the Spanish Provincial Courts in cases involving homicide and attempted murder between 2018 and 2024.

Improving nitrogen (N) efficiency is essential for sustainable production of high-biomass sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench). A study led by researchers at the Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI) evaluated leaf and stem N dynamics, canopy N remobilization, and physiological nitrogen use efficiency (pNUE) in two photoperiod-sensitive sorghum hybrids under two N rates across multiple environments in Texas and Illinois. The results highlight the importance of integrating environmental and management factors into breeding and fertilization strategies to enhance N efficiency in high-biomass sorghum.

Achieving aerospace industry net-zero emissions by 2050 requires rapid scaling of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production. Leveraging existing infrastructure, proven technologies like alcohol-to-jet, and low carbon intensity feedstocks such as switchgrass and miscanthus can support this transition and help achieve near-term emissions reduction targets. A study by researchers at the Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI) evaluated the implications of lignocellulosic ethanol biorefinery siting and integration with petroleum refineries to produce SAF across 1,000 sites in the U.S. Despite high estimated decarbonization costs, the results indicate that site-specific deployment of alcohol-to-jet with low carbon intensity feedstocks can improve sustainability outcomes. The framework provides a systematic approach to assess cost and sustainability trade-offs across locations, supporting informed investment in SAF production.

McGill University researchers have developed an artificial intelligence tool that can identify small groups of cells most responsible for driving aggressive cancers.

The tool, called SIDISH, offers scientists a clearer path to designing targeted therapies by showing which cells inside a tumour are most strongly linked with poor patient outcomes, rather than treating all cancer cells as if they behave the same way.