Immunometabolism have advanced the understanding of dynamic interplay between metabolic pathways and immune responses. Scientists identify a crucial enzyme that acts as a natural "off-switch" for lung inflammation. The study reveals that the enzyme ELOVL5, known for elongating fatty acid chains, promotes the resolution of inflammation by simultaneously inhibiting a major pro-inflammatory pathway and reshaping lipid metabolism. This dual mechanism offers a promising new target for treating inflammatory diseases.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare and highly aggressive lymphoma or tumor of the brain. While ventricular brain lymphoma is even rarer, its clinical characteristics and treatment strategies remain less explored. Now, researchers have evaluated the clinical features of PCNSL lesions involving the ventricles. They found that this rare tumor type shares key features with other brain lymphomas, suggesting a unified treatment approach.

A new review in Chinese Medical Journal highlights exosomes’ role in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-related diseases. OSA’s intermittent hypoxia alters exosome cargo, driving cellular dysfunction linked to cardiovascular issues, diabetes, neurodegeneration, and cancer, while exosomes also show therapeutic potential.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most serious public health problems worldwide, leaving millions with lasting cognitive and physical disabilities. Despite decades of research, early diagnosis and effective treatment remain challenging. Now, researchers have explored a new frontier, theranostic nanomaterials, tiny engineered particles that can both diagnose and treat TBI, while addressing the limitations of traditional biosensing and therapy strategies.