In a paper published in Science Bulletin, researchers from Xiamen University, Zhengzhou University, and the Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of Sanmenxia present evidence of the demographic history of Central Plain over the past three millennia by coanalyzing 30 newly reported high-quality ancient genomes with published reference data.

The Chinese government’s 2020 plan for education evaluation reform emphasizes digital transformation and Big Data integration. This paper, drawing on the experience of Minzu University of China as a case study, analyses existing research and constructs a Big Data-based education evaluation model. The model considers evaluation elements (subjects, content, and methods) and processes (data acquisition, analysis, and feedback) and proposes a comprehensive approach for full business, full process, and full factor evaluation. Challenges, such as data integration and teacher training, are addressed, and practical pathways for implementation are suggested, emphasizing application scenarios, data security, and continuous teacher development.