Recently, teams led by Prof. Yiming Zhang from Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University,Prof. Fazhi Qi from Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Prof. Junli Zhou from the Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People’s Hospital), focused on the regulatory mechanisms of macrophage function in radiation-induced skin injury and systematically elucidated the critical role of TREM2 in maintaining macrophage survival and promoting skin repair under radiation stress. The study demonstrated that irradiation activates the ROS–NRF2–ADAM17 axis, which mediates TREM2 shedding, leading to increased macrophage apoptosis and impaired reparative function. In contrast, supplementation with TREM2⁺ macrophages markedly attenuated inflammatory responses and accelerated wound healing. These findings were published in Research under the title “TREM2 Deficiency Regulates Macrophage Apoptosis and Repair in Radiation-Induced Skin Injury.”

Today, most of the salmon consumed in Japan is imported from countries like Chile and Norway, according to the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. But just two decades ago, Japanese chum salmon made up a much larger share of domestic salmon consumption. Their numbers have declined sharply in recent years, and new research from Hokkaido University suggests that this decline may be linked to the loss of their natural habitats along their migratory routes.

After a year and a half of remote work and learning, UC Santa Barbara undergraduate students Sophia Lecuona Manos, Gabrielle Plewe, Carson Gadler and doctoral student Zoe Zilz returned to campus in late 2021 eager for some on-campus, hands-on research, an opportunity that was lost when COVID shut down universities and other public institutions in early 2020.

A new study published in Big Earth Data introduces Geo-Disasters, a database that geocodes 9,217 climate-related disasters reported by EM-DAT from 1990 to 2023. The database enhances disaster risk analysis by providing accurate geocoded locations and offering an open, reproducible framework for integrating spatial climate and socioeconomic data. This framework supports machine learning applications for climate risk, vulnerability, and adaptation studies. The Geo-Disasters database aims to bridge critical data gaps in global climate-hazard risk assessment and inform more equitable adaptation planning. The link to Geo-Disasters Database is https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15487667.

A new review synthesises evidence positioning CD47 as a critical immune checkpoint across liver and gastrointestinal diseases. Acting through SIRPα, thrombospondin-1 and integrins, CD47 shapes phagocytosis, inflammation, endothelial injury, fibrosis and tumour immune escape. Its roles span MASLD/MASH, IBD, drug-induced liver injury, liver transplantation injury, and cancers including HCC, CRC and PDAC. Targeted CD47 therapies demonstrate encouraging preclinical efficacy, with several agents advancing through early-phase clinical trials.

A study by researchers from Wroclaw Medical University shows that although most Polish women recognize obesity as a disease requiring treatment, pharmacotherapy is still sometimes perceived as a “shortcut.” In a survey of 1,043 adult women in Poland, 97% agreed that obesity is a disease, yet older respondents were more likely to express stigmatizing attitudes toward anti-obesity drugs, while women with higher BMI more often felt shame about seeking treatment. Importantly, women who had personal experience with medication showed significantly lower levels of stigma. The findings highlight the need to shift the public debate from moral judgments about willpower to a medical understanding of obesity as a complex chronic disease.

Analysing longitudinal data from 2,121 adolescents aged 13–15, researchers found that problematic social media use predicted increases in depressive symptoms one year later, particularly among younger teenagers and girls. Published in Scientific Reports, the study highlights how loss of control over social media use—rather than time spent online—may be a key mental health risk factor during early adolescence.

A Korean research team has developed a closed-loop 4D printing technology that enables self-actuating and recyclable structures using sulfur waste generated from petroleum refining processes. A joint research team led by Dr. Dong-Gyun Kim of the Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Professor Jeong Jae Wie of Hanyang University, and Professor Yong Seok Kim of Sejong University reported the world’s first 4D printing technology based on sulfur-rich polymers that respond to heat, light, and magnetic fields.