Japan, once a leader in technological innovation, is now lagging behind. The number of researchers and published papers has steadily decreased, causing a decline in global competitiveness. The underlying issue is a shortage of talent that forms the foundation for scientific and technological innovation, particularly the decreasing number of students pursuing doctoral programs.

The “Kobe future doctors dōjō for middle school students,” launched in 2022, provides elementary and junior high school students with the opportunity to learn by encouraging their spirit of inquiry. The program fosters the abilities to envision and to pioneer the future, both of which are essential for Japan’s next generation of doctoral candidates.

There have been dramatic advances in the natural sciences thanks to inventions such as telescopes and microscopes that enable us to see things invisible to the naked eye. The arrival of X-ray photography, CT (computed tomography), and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) has transformed healthcare, and the pioneers of CT and MRI both received Nobel Prizes. Professor KIMURA Kenjiro has developed a technology that can produce 3D images of the inner structure of an object by applying waves (for example, radio waves) to the object and measuring the wave scattering.

He has recently drawn attention for advances in microwave mammography technology, a system that revolutionizes breast cancer screenings by visualizing the cancer to a high level of accuracy using very faint microwaves. He has also used magnetic fields to develop a system that visualizes abnormal electric currents in lithium-ion rechargeable batteries and the memory of advanced semiconductors. With research that pursues the science of visualization and a startup to ensure that their findings can benefit society at large, Kimura and his team are contributing to the health and security of humanity.

Using a unique measurement tool, researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have expanded our knowledge of the elements in soil and plants.

Mathematicians at the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) are developing a new approach to detect cancer early. This technique could provide a powerful new tool against the disease and involves solving partial differential equations (PDEs). 

Prof. Ugur Abdulla, head of the Analysis and Partial Differential Equations Unit, joined OIST with the goal of making it one of the world’s leading centers in mathematics. "We want OIST to be a key place for sharing math knowledge globally," he said. "Our work with partner institutes helps us connect with different parts of the world, sharing knowledge and providing opportunities for PhD students to work on cutting edge problems in the frontline of mathematics."