High summer temperatures mean an increased risk of respiratory issues in horses, such as recurrent laryngeal neuropathy (RLN). Dr. Dustin Major, a clinical assistant professor of equine soft tissue surgery at the Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, explains the ins and outs of RLN and how the condition is diagnosed and treated.

Key takeaways

---The first constellation to produce high-quality data by picking up GPS microwaves reflecting off Earth, called CYGNSS, is featured in the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum's Living in the Space Age exhibit.

---Distortions in the reflected signals can reveal information about Earth, including hurricane wind speed and the distribution of moisture in soil, and the constellation provided unprecedented coverage in both time and space.

---GNSS-R data is useful for monitoring and forecasting storms, droughts, wildfires, floods and even locust swarms. CYGNSS, originated and managed at the University of Michigan Engineering, paved the way for 10 similar systems that are now operated by government agencies and companies.

For years, the gold standard for training artificial intelligence has been to show it how to succeed. Whether it was Google DeepMind’s AlphaGo learning from millions of human professional moves or a robot being trained on motion-tracking data from humans in a maze, the assumption was that AI needs an expert model to mimic.