Immune checkpoints (ICs) are receptors that regulate immune responses through both activating and inhibitory mechanisms. Inflammatory microenvironment modulates IC expression through cytokines, metabolites, and oxidative signals. Immune checkpoint inhibitors not only enhance antitumor immunity but also reshape systemic immune networks. This review summarizes the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which ICs regulate inflammatory responses and highlights their roles across diverse pathological conditions.

POSTECH Demonstrates Stable Stacking of More Than 10 Ultrathin Si Chips, Achieving Four Times Higher Integration Density Than Commercial HBM.

A new review published in Nature Reviews Biodiversity shows that advances in satellite technology are rapidly improving scientists’ ability to monitor tropical forest health and resilience. While forest structure and ecosystem function can now be tracked at scale, key dimensions of biodiversity — including species, evolutionary and genetic diversity — remain largely unobservable from space. The authors highlight that next-generation satellite missions could enable more complete global monitoring of ecosystem change and support international biodiversity targets.

- KAIST and Dong-A University developed an auxetic-based stretchable display platform that expands uniformly across the entire screen, enabling on-screen images to stretch evenly without distortion through a new design of the stretchable platform.

- The technology is expected to play a key role in commercializing high-quality stretchable displays, with broad applications in next-generation devices including wearables, electronic skin, and soft robotics.

High-speed movies of microscopic worms may sound like a dull night at the cinema, but this advanced imaging capability could help scientists better understand how diseases begin and progress, track subtle changes in cells and study how the body responds to treatments.