As humanity's exploration of the Earth's internal structure deepens, Earth's free oscillations, serving as crucial "fingerprints" for revealing the large-scale structure and dynamic processes within the Earth, have always been a core subject in geophysics. Ground-based station observations are currently the mainstream method for measuring Earth's free oscillations. With the advancement of space technology, high-precision inter-satellite distance measurement holds the potential to become a novel method for detecting these oscillations.

In a recent paper published in Space: Science & Technology, a research team from the School of Physics and Astronomy at Sun Yat-sen University, in collaboration with the TianQin Research Center for Gravitational Physics, proposed a novel detection and analysis method for Earth's free oscillations utilizing the "TianQin" space-borne gravitational wave detector. The study constructed a theoretical response model for Earth's free oscillations within the TianQin detector and derived their analytical waveform for high-orbit satellite laser interferometric measurements. Through numerical simulation and Bayesian parameter estimation, the research team demonstrated that for a major seismic event like the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, TianQin could achieve a clear detection with a signal-to-noise ratio as high as 73 and independently distinguish at least nine different free oscillation modes.

This research not only methodologically demonstrates for the first time the feasibility of directly detecting Earth's free oscillations using high-orbit gravitational wave detectors, but also pioneers a new interdisciplinary pathway integrating space-based gravity measurement with geophysical research. By leveraging the frequency splitting effect introduced by satellite orbital motion, this method can circumvent calibration errors inherent in traditional multi-station observations, enabling more independent and precise probing of Earth's internal structure. This work significantly expands the interdisciplinary application scope for China's autonomous space science mission—the TianQin project—and provides novel theoretical tools and technical reserves for future space-based exploration of Earth's internal structure and seismic mechanisms.

Scientists have developed a new method to measure ocean surface currents over large areas in greater detail than ever before. Called GOFLOW (Geostationary Ocean Flow), the approach applies deep learning to thermal images from weather satellites already in orbit.

Few studies have investigated coastal marine plankton and aggregate abundance and diversity with high frequency over a long time period. Here, a group of researchers deployed a cabled marine Oshima Coastal Environmental data Acquisition Network System (OCEANS) observatory in 20 m of water off the coast of Oshima Island in Japan to establish plankton diversity and plankton and aggregate abundance as a function of ocean turbulence during two 4-month periods spanning 2014 to 2016.

A recent study published in National Science Review has revealed that atmospheric oxidation capacity at northern midlatitude regions is approaching a turning point, challenging prior assessments of hydroxyl radical (OH) increases or stability. Over the past 50–60 years, OH levels have remained near peak values. Future sustained reductions in nitrogen oxide (NO_x) emissions will lead to a decline in surface OH concentrations across the northern midlatitude regions, implying an increase in the atmospheric lifetime of pollutants and methane. This poses new challenges for regional air pollution control and climate change mitigation.

A recent session of the Carbon and Soil Research International Forum brought together leading scientists to address a critical challenge in sustainable agriculture: how to improve soil health while maximizing carbon sequestration. The 22nd installment of the forum was held online on March 11, 2026, and is now available for public viewing via a recorded presentation on YouTube.

The real climate risks to Ireland from changes to the Atlantic currents that sustain our mild climate are obscured by exaggerated claims in media headlines and movies.

That’s according to Dr Gerard McCarthy, a Maynooth University (MU) oceanographer at the Irish Climate Analysis and Research UnitS (ICARUS) in the Department of Geography, who has led a new article for Nature Climate Change.

The latest paper is a retrospective on a landmark 2015 study led by Professor Stefan Rahmstorf, which identified long-term Atlantic cooling as a sign that the Atlantic Meridional Circulation (AMOC) was weakening.