EPFL atmospheric and climate scientists show that biological particles may induce rain events that could contribute to flooding and snowstorms, owing to their ability to precipitate ice formation in clouds. They call for an update of meteorological and climate models.

New research presented at the EGU General Assembly 2025 reveals how Saharan dust impacts solar energy generation in Europe. Dr. György Varga and his team from Hungarian and European institutions found that dust from North Africa reduces photovoltaic (PV) power output by scattering sunlight, absorbing irradiance, and promoting cloud formation. Their study, based on field data from 46 dust events between 2019 and 2023, highlights the difficulty of predicting PV performance during these events. Conventional forecasting tools often fail, so the team suggests integrating real-time dust load data and aerosol-cloud coupling into models for better solar energy scheduling and preparedness. Additionally, the research discusses long-term impacts of dust on solar panel infrastructure, including contamination and erosion, which can further reduce efficiency. This work aims to improve forecasting methods and support the growing reliance on solar energy.