Researchers have employed Bayesian neural network approaches to evaluate the distributions of independent and cumulative fission yields for neutron-induced ²³²Th fission, while also elucidating energy-dependent yield variations for selected nuclides. This work addresses critical data gaps stemming from longstanding challenges in experimental measurement and inaccuracies in theoretical models. The high-precision predictions incorporate comprehensive uncertainty quantification, providing essential foundational data for the design of fourth-generation nuclear energy system, nuclear waste transmutation, and medical isotope production. These advances hold significant value for advancing sustainable nuclear energy development. 

A team of researchers from the Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has developed an innovative bipolar cusp-like pulse-shaping algorithm to address the "pile-up" challenge prevalent in high-radiation environments. Through the implementation of real-time reconstruction on FPGA hardware, this technology enables precise discrimination between neutrons and gamma rays, even under extreme count rates. Consequently, it offers a more robust tool for applicaitons in nuclear security and fundamental physics research. 

Professor Zhaohui Tang and Associate Professor Zhilin Liu from the team of Professor Xuesi Chen at the Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, developed  ultrasound-responsive in-situ antigen nanocatchers (S-nanocatchers), achieving precise spatiotemporal capture of tumor antigens and controllable acquisition of in-situ vaccines. This system solves the key problems of traditional antigen-capturing nanocarriers, such as their tendency to non-specifically bind to serum proteins during systemic circulation and their low antigen capture efficiency, providing a novel strategy for personalized tumor immunotherapy. The article was published as an open access Research Article in CCS Chemistry, the flagship journal of the Chinese Chemical Society.

445 million years ago, life on our planet was forever changed. During a geological blink of an eye, glaciers formed over the supercontinent Gondwana, drying out many of the vast, shallow seas like a sponge and giving us an ‘icehouse climate’ that, together with radically changed ocean chemistry, ultimately caused the extinction of about 85% of all marine species – the majority of life on Earth.

In a new Science Advances study, researchers from the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) have now proved that from this biological havoc, known as the Late Ordovician Mass Extinction (LOME), came an unprecedented richness of vertebrate life. During the upheaval, one group came to dominate all others, putting life on the path to what we know it as today: jawed vertebrates.