Scientists have discovered that whales move nutrients thousands of miles—in their urine—from as far as Alaska to Hawaii. These tons of nitrogen support the health of tropical ecosystems and fish, where nitrogen can be limited. They call this movement of nutrients a “conveyor belt” or “the great whale pee funnel.” In some places, like Hawaii, the input of nutrients from whales is bigger than from local sources. It’s critical to tropical ocean health, therefore, to protect and restore whales.

Generative AI tools like ChatGPT present extraordinary potential in promoting better language learning and teaching practice, such as timely feedback, ease of use, personalized support, simulations of the learning environment, and individualized recommendations on learning materials. However, a team of researchers in Hong Kong and Macao found that 45.9% of ChatGPT-generated feedback was rejected by second-language students, higher rejection rates for content-focused feedback (58.7%) than form-focused (41.3%).