Tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD), caused by begomoviruses, is a global problem in tomato production, affecting yield. While introduction of resistance genes is one of the strategies to control TYLCD, introduction of a single Ty-gene is inadequate in providing full protection against begomoviruses. Now, researchers have determined that a combination of Ty-1/Ty-3 and Ty-6 can fully protect tomato plants from begomoviruses, providing a promising strategy to improve tomato varieties and ensure their stable production.

Clinical interviewing is an essential skill in medical training, but often requires significant time and training. Generative artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to help accelerate this training; however, its effectiveness remains unclear. Now, a new study reports how AI-based assessment of medical interview transcripts closely matches human-based assessments. These findings suggest that AI could support more efficient and scalable training in medical education.

Researchers have developed a stable, orally administrable "nanoreactor" using hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) that withstands the gastrointestinal environment to deliver protective enzymes. By targeting and degrading a specific aging-associated metabolite in the gut, this targeted therapy reduced neuroinflammation and alleviated cognitive decline in aged mice. This study offers a potential strategy for senescence intervention and the oral delivery of sensitive biologic drugs.

Ammonia is a vital chemical feedstock and a promising hydrogen carrier. Through the integration of in situ electron microscopy, spectroscopy, and theoretical calculations, the research team identified that during the ammonia synthesis process, oxygen defects on the surface of the catalyst support can store and transfer active nitrogen species, thereby generating surface nitrogen spillover. This effect accelerates nitrogen activation and enhances ammonia yield. This study elucidates a novel mechanism underlying the promotion of ammonia formation by the support in the Haber–Bosch process, providing new perspectives for the design of higher-efficiency ammonia synthesis catalysts.

Lithium metal batteries promise dramatically higher energy density than today's lithium-ion technology, but their practical use has been limited by unstable interfaces and dangerous lithium dendrite growth. In this study, researchers developed a two-dimensional polymeric metal phthalocyanine layer that actively regulates anion movement and lithium-ion transport at the electrode–electrolyte interface. By guiding electrolyte anions toward the electrode surface and simultaneously accelerating lithium-ion conduction, the engineered layer promotes the formation of dense, lithium fluoride–rich interphases that stabilize lithium deposition. This molecularly designed interface significantly improves cycling stability, Coulombic efficiency, and safety under demanding operating conditions, offering a new strategy to unlock the long-term reliability of lithium metal and anode-free batteries.