Disinfecting drinking water prevents the spread of deadly waterborne diseases by killing infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses and parasites. Without disinfection, even clear-looking water can carry pathogens that can cause severe and even life-threatening illness, especially in children, older adults, and people with weakened immune systems. Yet, the byproducts of chemical disinfectants may be harmful for human health. A new AI model helps to identify them and assess their toxicity. 

TAMEST (Texas Academy of Medicine, Engineering, Science and Technology) and Lyda Hill Philanthropies today announced the recipients of the 2026 Hill Prizes. The prizes, funded by Lyda Hill Philanthropies, propel high-risk, high-reward ideas and innovations that demonstrate significant potential for real-world impact and can lead to new, paradigm-shifting paths in research. The prizes are given in seven categories: artificial intelligence, biological sciences, engineering, medicine, physical sciences, public health and technology. They recognize and advance top Texas innovators, providing seed funding to advance groundbreaking science and highlight Texas as a premier destination for world-class research.

Thanks to a recent study by researchers at IOCB Prague, it is now possible to monitor processes in living cells more effectively than before, including responses to drugs and changes in cellular structures. The researchers have developed a new type of fluorescent labels guaranteeing higher-contrast and clearer images via fluorescence microscopy. The discovery is important for medicine and the pharmaceutical industry, among other fields.

Protein aggregates, damaged organelles, and invading bacteria are identified and removed in healthy cells. An international research team led by Professor Konstanze F. Winklhofer from the Institute of Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry at Ruhr University Bochum, Germany, has deciphered a critical mechanism underlying these processes, focusing on the protein optineurin. Malfunctions in this protein can lead to neurodegenerative diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or frontotemporal dementia. The researchers hope that their insights will lead to new approaches to treatment in the future. The study was published in the scientific magazine Advanced Science from December 17, 2025.

A selective protein degradation system known as Golgi membrane-associated degradation (GOMED), which identifies and removes unwanted proteins, has been delineated by researchers at Science Tokyo. This system works by tagging problematic proteins with a “molecular label” called K33-linked ubiquitin and using an adaptor protein, optineurin (OPTN), to guide them to GOMED structures for breakdown. These findings improve our understanding of cellular self-cleanup processes and may help in developing new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.