Giant DNA viruses that infect eukaryotic cells are thought to have played a role in the evolution of life, according to the nuclear virus origin hypothesis. Now, the discovery of a new giant DNA virus in Japan that infects vermamoeba further supports this idea. Named ushikuvirus, it joins a growing number of such viruses being discovered worldwide, suggesting that ancient viruses may have contributed to the evolution and diversity of eukaryotic cells.

A Korea University research team has discovered that pitavastatin, a widely used lipid-lowering drug, can directly inhibit the Mcl-1 protein—an essential survival factor for therapy-resistant triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). By blocking Mcl-1–dependent mitochondrial protection, pitavastatin eliminates cancer stem-like cells, suppresses metastasis, and restores paclitaxel sensitivity in preclinical models. This repurposed drug may offer a safer, faster-to-deploy therapeutic strategy for patients with aggressive or chemotherapy-refractory TNBC.

Ventilatory ratio (VR) is a simple bedside index reflecting pulmonary dead space and is associated with outcomes in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This study developed and validated separate 30-day mortality prediction models for high and low VR subgroups using multicenter critical care databases. Subgroup-specific models demonstrated superior predictive performance compared with cross-applied models, highlighting the importance of VR-based stratification for improving prognostic accuracy and supporting more individualized ARDS management strategies.