Real-time monitoring of patient-ventilator asynchrony (PVA) and respiratory parameters is important in patients with severe pneumonia. In a recent study, researchers have developed a “Remote Ventilate View” platform, which automatically analyzes ventilator waveforms in real-time, identifies eight PVA subtypes, and calculates the overall asynchrony index. This represents a paradigm shift from qualitative, spot-check assessments to precise quantification and longitudinal monitoring of PVA throughout the entire ventilation course.

Powdery mildew poses a major threat to black currant production, yet some cultivars naturally withstand infection far better than others. This study reveals that resistant black currants deploy a multilayered defense system involving physical structures, specialized metabolites, and the assembly of protective microbial communities on leaf surfaces. By integrating metabolomics and phyllosphere microbiome profiling, the research identifies key leaf metabolites—such as salicylic acid, trans-zeatin, and griseofulvin—that help recruit beneficial bacteria and fungi linked to disease suppression. These metabolites also directly reduce pathogen growth. Together, these processes explain how resistant cultivars mount a coordinated defense that limits pathogen invasion and maintains plant health.

A Japanese research team has successfully reproduced the human neural circuit in vitro using multi-region miniature organs known as assembloids, which are derived from induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. With this circuit, the team demonstrated that the thalamus plays a crucial role in shaping cell type-specific neural circuits of the cerebral cortex in humans. This discovery may pave the way for developing new medications to treat neurodevelopmental disorders.