In a nutshell:

Rivers are a major source: Emissions of the highly potent greenhouse gas methane in areas along rivers and tributaries are up to four times higher than previously calculated.

Discrepancy between model and measurement: The largest discrepancies between model predictions and measurements occur in large river deltas, reservoirs, and regularly flooded areas across the Amazon Basin. In river deltas alone, methane emissions were underestimated by up to 26%.

For reliable climate projections: The findings underscore the need to strengthen observational infrastructure in tropical regions and to calibrate climate models with real-world measurements.

Researchers review the latest results and understanding of mechanisms behind this new field of research where seeds show higher yields and resilience following flash treatment in low-temperature plasma. 

While the world watches the Pacific for signs of a possible "Super El Niño," new research suggests another tropical ocean may hold important clues to future climate extremes. Scientists have discovered that temperature patterns in the Indian Ocean can influence prolonged winter dry spells in the Eastern Mediterranean months in advance by reshaping large-scale atmospheric circulation. The findings reveal how distant ocean conditions can affect weather thousands of kilometers away and could improve seasonal forecasting of drought risk in one of the world's most water-stressed regions.

Beta Pictoris b, atmosphere, origin: Researchers used the upgraded GRAVITY instrument (GRAVITY+) to study the atmosphere of Beta Pictoris b, a young giant gas planet, to understand its origin and atmospheric variability.

Improved data, new findings: The updated GRAVITY data show a higher ¹²CO/¹³CO ratio than previous results, aligning with other studies and suggesting a lack of variance in the abundance ratio in the disc during planet formation.

Atmospheric variability, rotation: There are tentative signs of atmospheric changes linked to Beta Pic b’s rotation period, possibly indicating clouds or chemical processes, but further observations are needed.

Diagnostic tool doubts, isotope ratio limits: The consistent isotope ratios across many young gas giants and the interstellar medium challenge the use of carbon isotope ratios as reliable indicators of individual planet formation locations.