Sorghum is one of the world’s oldest grains and possesses many traits that can benefit food security, climate resilience, and biodiversity. However, the mechanisms behind these traits have long remained a mystery to researchers, which has hindered efficient cultivation. Now, a new technique and a biobank - developed in collaboration with the University of Copenhagen - have made research and breeding possible at an unprecedented pace, paving the way to an effective crop in both the Global North and South.

A recent study has used advanced techniques to uncover the role of ultraviolet (UV) light in activating peracetic acid (PAA) to generate powerful radicals, essential for water treatment. By combining in-situ electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) with density functional theory (DFT) calculation, the researchers identified and analyzed the types and concentrations of radicals produced under different UV wavelengths (185, 254, and 365 nm). The results show that UV light at different wavelengths influences the type and concentration of formed radicals. The study provides new insights into how PAA-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) work based on the key radicals identification, offering a solid foundation for optimizing UV-based water purification technologies and potentially expanding their application in environmental remediation areas.

Researchers analyzed trade-related risks to energy security across 1,092 scenarios for cutting carbon emissions by 2060. They found that swapping out dependence on imported fossil fuels for increased dependence on critical minerals for clean energy would improve security for most nations – including the U.S., if it cultivates new trade partners.