Researchers have uncovered the origins and genetic diversity of the Fulani, one of Africa’s largest pastoral populations. The study reveals a complex genetic ancestry with influences from both North and West Africa, shaped by historical migrations that have left a lasting impact on their genetic landscape.

For decades, scientists across the globe have investigated methods to accurately measure drug permeability across the blood-brain barrier. In research published in Fluids and Barriers of the CNS, Quentin R. Smith, Ph.D., from the TTUHSC Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, sought to reconcile discrepancies in the field and provide accurate methods for measuring permeability over a very broad range spanning from poorly crossing polar compounds to rapidly crossing approved central nervous system clinical drugs.

This paper addresses autonomous sortie scheduling for carrier aircraft under towing mode, transforming it into a hybrid flow-shop scheduling problem (HFSP). A chaos-initialized genetic algorithm (CiGA) is developed, integrating delayed strategies for collision avoidance. Numerical simulations validate the model’s efficiency, showing improved sortie efficiency and adaptability for various onboard support scenarios.