Researchers have developed a programmable genome evolution platform called RAMPAGE that rapidly generates beneficial mutations in the industrial yeast Pichia pastoris. The technology enabled the evolution of strains that tolerate extremely high methanol concentrations, grow at elevated temperatures, and overcome growth defects caused by glycoengineering. The platform could accelerate the development of more robust microbial cell factories for sustainable biomanufacturing.

Perovskite quantum dots (PQDs)-based near-infrared light-emitting diodes (NIR-LEDs) still suffer from low external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) and severe efficiency roll-off. To overcome this challenge, an ionic liquid-mediated surface reconstruction strategy that simultaneously stabilizes PQD surface and enhances charge transport has been reported. This strategy enables NIR-LEDs achieve a record EQE of 24.8%, maintaining ~20% EQE at a radiance of 10 W sr^-¹ m^-²—representing the lowest efficiency roll-off for PQD-based NIR-LEDs reported to date.

Kyoto, Japan -- Peering far into the distant, high-redshift universe, the James Webb telescope has discovered an abundance of small red galaxies known as the Little Red Dots. From their observations, astronomers believe that at least some of these galaxies may be home to growing supermassive black holes at their centers, objects which they believe are embedded in dense gaseous envelopes, an environment that is suitable for producing high-energy neutrinos.

Neutrinos are electrically neutral elementary particles with masses near zero. High-energy neutrinos from across the universe have been detected on Earth, but the origin of all-sky high-energy neutrino background radiation has remained a mystery.

Neutrino production involves the collision of high-energy particles such as protons with surrounding photons or matter, and the resulting neutrinos can escape even if they are produced inside thick gas. Sources that produce high-energy neutrinos generally also produce gamma rays, yet if all sources that produced neutrinos also produced gamma rays, the result would exceed observed gamma ray background levels.

Low impurity concentration is a key factor in achieving high‑performance devices in the semiconductor industry. However, the overlooked gas-phase impurities in thermal evaporation can severely degrade the optoelectronic performance of the films and devices. To address this issue, Chinese scientists have proposed a one‑step vapor purification method based on pre‑evaporation of reactive metals. The general effectiveness of this approach is expected to accelerate the development of thermally evaporated optoelectronic devices.

A research team led by Physics Professors Yeongkwan Kim, Myung Joon Han, and SungBin Lee presents experimental evidence that electrons form a loop-like circulating order (loop-current order) before reaching the superconducting state.

Time-reversal symmetry breaking appears at a higher temperature than the periodic clustering of electrons (charge density wave)... Unveiling the hierarchical phase transition of 'loop-current → charge density wave → superconductivity'.

Shedding light on the fundamental principles of superconductivity, the cornerstone of quantum computers and next-generation power technologies.

Some of the world’s best-selling diabetes drugs depend on a chemical bond that has long been notoriously difficult, slow and expensive to manufacture. Now, scientists at Scripps Research and the University of Bristol have developed a new, simple method to build that same chemical bond, starting with common table sugar and vinegar.

Wave energy has long been seen as a promising source of clean electricity. The ocean is always moving, and that motion carries a huge amount of energy. But many wave energy devices have one important limitation: they do not naturally move in sync with ocean waves. When that happens, they capture less power.

Researchers from ESPOL, Stevens Institute of Technology, and partner institutions tested a simple passive way to tune a wave energy device so it can respond better to changing sea conditions. Their idea uses submerged cones attached to the sides of a floating platform. As the platform moves, the cones trap water and change the system’s motion, helping it adjust more naturally to long ocean swells.