The research team found that the supplementation of n-3 fatty acids significantly enhances lactation performance even in non-inflammatory states, suggesting the existence of an unexplored direct regulatory mechanism.

Researchers from the Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo have applied stochastic optimal control theory to biological systems, studying how these systems behave. By using concepts and tools from information theory, they successfully converted the nonlinear optimization problem into a reasonably solvable form. The optimal control strategies for problems such as biodiversity and epidemics are found to exhibit “mode-switching” phenomena, where sharply transitioning from weak to strong control provides the most effective solution.

The yeast fungus Candida albicans not only uses the toxin candidalysin to cause infections, but also to colonize the oral mucosa inconspicuously – but only in finely balanced amounts. Too little toxin prevents oral colonization, too much triggers the immune system and leads to an inflammatory defense reaction, as an international research team from Zurich, Jena, and Paris discovered. The results were published in the journal Nature Microbiology.

This study reveals unique insights into improving biliary cold preservation by exploring the natural cold tolerance mechanisms of hibernating mammals. Researchers established Syrian hamster intrahepatic cholangiocyte organoids (shICOs), which demonstrated superior resistance to cooling-rewarming stress compared to mouse-derived organoids (mICOs). Enhanced iron homeostasis and anti-ferroptosis capacity in shICOs suggest a novel strategy to reduce bile duct injury during liver transplantation.

This study constructs a spatiotemporal single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of neurons in the entorhinal cortex–hippocampal (EC-HPC) circuit during Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression. By performing Smart-seq2-based single-nucleus RNA sequencing on neurons from APP/PS1 transgenic mice and wild-type controls across different brain regions and disease stages, the study reveals two distinct neuronal populations associated with AD pathology: progressively lost EC-stellate neurons and expanding GFAP⁺ neurons with glia-like features. These findings highlight neuronal identity changes and energy metabolism dysfunction in AD, offering new insights into early diagnosis and intervention.