A Wits-led study published in the prestigious journal Nature has added whole-genome data from more than 1,000 people across nine African countries to global science, significantly expanding understanding of human genetic diversity. The research, led through the Assessing Genetic Diversity in Africa (AGenDA) project, is expected to uncover millions of novel genetic variants, improving how diseases such as cancer, mental illness, diabetes and heart disease are studied, predicted and treated.

By focusing on African populations historically underrepresented in genomic research, the project strengthens genome-wide association studies and provides a model for African-led data governance, ethical data sharing and community partnership. The findings will contribute to more accurate genetic research and precision medicine for African populations and beyond.

New modelling research from African biostatisticians shows that flies play a far more important role in spreading cholera than previously recognised. While cholera is traditionally associated with contaminated water, the study demonstrates that flies can mechanically transmit the cholera-causing bacterium from contaminated environments to human food, making outbreaks faster and more unpredictable.

The models show that when fly-related transmission factors are high, even small contamination events can trigger explosive outbreaks, likened to sparks igniting dry grass. The findings come as Africa faces its worst cholera outbreak in 25 years, with 300,000 confirmed and suspected cases reported across 20 countries in 2025.

The research also reinforces the importance of vaccination, showing that high coverage can rapidly reduce transmission even before long-term water and sanitation improvements take effect.