Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are frequently recommended for the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and peptic ulcers. This review article dwells upon various adverse effects that are associated with the extended use of PPIs and the mechanisms by which the PPIs lead to the progression of these complications, including Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and pneumonia that develops due to impaired absorption caused by hypochlorhydria; cognitive impairment through decreased clearance of amyloid beta peptide and reduced synthesis of acetylcholine; osteoporosis that progresses due to reduced calcium absorption and disrupted bone remodeling through the effects on TRPM6/7 channels; Chronic kidney disease (CKD) caused by acute interstitial nephritis and vascular calcifications brought by hypomagnesemia; metabolic syndrome and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. As such, clinicians must exercise carefulness when prescribing PPIs for extended periods. The most important aspect is the careful assessment of the indication prior to commencing the treatment, as well as reassessing the indication throughout its long-term administration.

In February 2025, we are very pleased to interview Professor Robert Peter Gale, Editor-in-Chief of Leukemia. Prof. Gale has dedicated to scientific and clinical research on leukemia and other bone marrow disorders over 50 years. In this interview, Prof. Gale shared his views on AI technology and its impact on the development of hematology.

Sequential processing (SqP) of the active layer offers independent optimization of the donor and acceptor with more targeted solvent design, which is considered the most promising strategy for achieving efficient organic solar cells (OSCs). In the SqP method, the favorable interpenetrating network seriously depends on the fine control of the bottom layer swelling. However, the choice of solvent(s) for both the donor and acceptor have been mostly based on a trial-and-error manner. A single solvent often cannot achieve sufficient yet not excessive swelling, which has long been a difficulty in the high efficient SqP OSCs. Herein, two new isomeric molecules are introduced to fine-tune the nucleation and crystallization dynamics that allows judicious control over the swelling of the bottom layer. The strong non-covalent interaction between the isomeric molecule and active materials provides an excellent driving force for optimize the swelling-process. Among them, the molecule with high dipole moment promotes earlier nucleation of the PM6 and provides extended time for crystallization during SqP, improving bulk morphology and vertical phase segregation. As a result, champion efficiencies of 17.38% and 20.00% (certified 19.70%) are achieved based on PM6/PYF-T-o (all-polymer) and PM6/BTP-eC9 devices casted by toluene solvent.

Energy harvesting storage hybrid devices have garnered considerable attention as self-rechargeable power sources for wireless and ubiquitous electronics. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), a common type of energy harvester, generate alternating current-based, irregular short pulses, posing a challenge for storing the generated electrical energy in energy storage systems that typically operate with direct current (DC)-based low-frequency response. In this study, we propose a new strategy that leverages high-frequency response to develop efficient chargeable TENG–supercapacitor (SC) hybrid devices. A high-frequency SC was fabricated using hollow-structured MXene electrode materials, resulting in a twofold increase in the charging efficiency of the hybrid device compared to a control SC made with conventional carbon electrode materials. For a systematic understanding, the electrochemical interplay between the TENGs and SCs was investigated as a function of the frequency characteristics of SCs (f_SC) and the output pulse duration of TENGs (Δt_TENG). Increasing the f_SC·Δt_TENG enhanced the charging efficiency of the TENG–SC hybrid devices. This study highlights the importance of frequency response design in developing efficient chargeable TENG–SC hybrid devices.

Current protective clothing often lacks sufficient comfort to ensure efficient performance of healthcare workers. Developing protective textiles with high air and moisture permeability is a potential and effective solution to discomfort of medical protective clothing. However, realizing the facile production of a protective textile that combines safety and comfort remains a challenge. Herein, we report the fabrication of highly permeable protective textiles (HPPT) with micro/nano-networks, using non-solvent induced phase separation synergistically driven by CaCl₂ and fluorinated polyurethane, combined with spraying technique. The HPPT demonstrates excellent liquid repellency and comfort, ensuring high safety and a dry microenvironment for the wearer. The textile exhibits not only a high hydrostatic pressure (12.86 kPa) due to its tailored small mean pore size (1.03 μm) and chemical composition, but also demonstrates excellent air permeability (14.24 mm s⁻¹) and moisture permeability (7.92 kg m⁻² d⁻¹) owing to the rational combination of small pore size and high porosity (69%). The HPPT offers superior comfort compared to the commercially available protective materials. Additionally, we elucidated a molding mechanism synergistically inducted by diffusion-dissolution-phase separation. This research provides an innovative perspective on enhancing the comfort of medical protective clothing and offers theoretical support for regulating of pore structure during phase separations.