Developing innovative resource utilization strategies to achieve sustainable recycling of waste-to-fuel is highly desirable, yet the design of cost-effective bifunctional catalysts with dual high-efficiency remains unexplored. While the Fenton-like reaction relies on enhancing peroxymonosulfate (PMS) adsorption and accelerating interfacial electron transfer to improve kinetic rates, CO₂ reduction is constrained by sluggish kinetics and competing hydrogen evolution reaction. Herein, we construct a bifunctional catalyst (NiFe-BNC) featuring dual-atomic active sites by introducing boron atoms into a biomass-derived chitosan substrate rich in functional groups, which optimizes atomic coordination environments. In situ experiments and density functional theory calculations reveal that B-atom modulation facilitates carbon substrate defect enrichment, while the charge-tuning effect between metal sites and “boron electron bridge” optimizes PMS adsorption configurations. This synergistic effect facilitates the interfacial electron transfer and enhances the CO₂ adsorption capacity of NiFe-BNC by 6 times that of NiFe-NC. The obtained NiFe-BNC exhibits significantly enhanced catalytic activity and selectivity, realizing 99% efficient degradation of volatile organic pollutants in the flowing phase within 2 h and stable mineralization exceeding 60%, while achieving a large current density of 1000 mA cm⁻² and CO Faraday efficiency of 98% in the flow electrolytic cell. This work innovatively paves a new way for the rational design of cost-effective functional catalysts to achieve carbon cycle utilization.

Recently, Prof. Jian LU's team (City University of Hong Kong, CityU HK) has engineered breakthrough 3D-printed artificial bone scaffolds. These superelastic scaffolds achieve a high recoverable strain (6% – 7%) and feature on-demand tuning of modulus, strength, permeability, and more. This advancement enables site-specific adaptive solutions for complex bone defects while offering valuable inspirations for multifunctional metamaterials across engineering fields.

Flexible electronic skin (E-skin) sensors offer innovative solutions for detecting human body signals, enabling human–machine interactions and advancing the development of intelligent robotics. Electrospun nanofibers are particularly well-suited for E-skin applications due to their exceptional mechanical properties, tunable breathability, and lightweight nature. Nanofiber-based composite materials consist of three-dimensional structures that integrate one-dimensional polymer nanofibers with other functional materials, enabling efficient signal conversion and positioning them as an ideal platform for next-generation intelligent electronics. Here, this review begins with an overview of electrospinning technology, including far-field electrospinning, near-field electrospinning, and melt electrospinning. It also discusses the diverse morphologies of electrospun nanofibers, such as core–shell, porous, hollow, bead, Janus, and ribbon structure, as well as strategies for incorporating functional materials to enhance nanofiber performance. Following this, the article provides a detailed introduction to electrospun nanofiber-based composite materials (i.e., nanofiber/hydrogel, nanofiber/aerogel, nanofiber/metal), emphasizing their recent advancements in monitoring physical, physiological, body fluid, and multi-signal in human signal detection. Meanwhile, the review explores the development of multimodal sensors capable of responding to diverse stimuli, focusing on innovative strategies for decoupling multiple signals and their state-of-the-art advancements. Finally, current challenges are analyzed, while future prospects for electrospun nanofiber-based composite sensors are outlined. This review aims to advance the design and application of next-generation flexible electronics, fostering breakthroughs in multifunctional sensing and health monitoring technologies.

Osteocalcin (OCN), a non-collagenous protein synthesized by osteoblasts, is integral to bone mineralization and demonstrates significant effects on metabolic and neurological functions. Its undercarboxylated form, Glu-OCN, has emerged as a key regulator of glucose metabolism in diabetes, bone density in osteoporosis (OP), and lipid metabolism in conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Additionally, Glu-OCN is implicated in neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases through its roles in neurotransmitter synthesis and vascular calcification, respectively. This review examines the essential functions of Glu-OCN in the management of metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders, emphasizing its significance as both a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target. While findings to date are promising, most studies remain observational. Advanced detection methodologies and extensive longitudinal studies are urgently needed to elucidate the mechanisms and clinical applications of Glu-OCN. Advancements in this area could facilitate the integration of Glu-OCN into personalized medicine approaches, improving early diagnosis, risk assessment, and treatment monitoring.

A new review in eGastroenterology highlights how single-cell transcriptomics is revolutionizing our understanding of acute liver injury and regeneration. By profiling individual liver cells and mapping their spatial interactions, researchers have identified fetal-like and migratory hepatocytes, distinct hepatic stellate cell states, zone-specific endothelial cell responses, and macrophage heterogeneity critical for repair (e.g., Trem2⁺ macrophages with unique roles in inflammation and recovery). These findings point to new therapeutic targets for liver diseases.

A landmark study in China covering 42,703 families affected by rare diseases across 32 provincial regions of China has established a new diagnosis framework for rare diseases. It offers new hope to millions of patients struggling with delayed or incorrect diagnoses.

Researchers developed a deep learning-based multimodal prognostic model that shows strong potential to improve disease-free survival prediction and enable personalized treatment in locally advanced cervical cancer.