The research team led by Professor Gang Wang from China Agricultural University systematically summarized the synergistic effects of bio-based material amendments such as microbial inoculants, nanomaterials, and biochar in improving soil health and crop productivity through a review article. The relevant research has been published in the journal Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering (DOI: 10.15302/J-FASE-2024586).

A novel study analyzing the cost-effectiveness of different Down syndrome (DS) screening strategies. The result confirms that non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) outperforms second-trimester serum screening (STSS) in accuracy and cost-effectiveness, as NIPT identifies twice as many DS cases as STSS.

From fundamentals to applications: a review on femtosecond (fs) laser micro/nano processing, recently published online in the International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing. Dr. Le Gao and co-authors from University of Shanghai for Science and Technology present this comprehensive review on the development of fs laser micro/nano processing, including topics such as fundamentals and unique phenomena of fs-laser pluses and matter interactions, pulse-shaping and high throughput fabrication, fs-laser processing in transparent materials, 4D printing, heterogeneous integration and 3D functional micro devices manufactured by fs laser-powered processing technology. This review sums up the recent development of the technology and a perspective is proposed to explore the challenges and future opportunities for further betterment of fs laser micro/nano processing technology.

Researchers from Beihang University, Beijing, have developed an innovative solution to address the coexistence challenges between airborne pulse radar and communication systems. Published in the Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, the study introduces a Dynamic Spectrum and Power Allocation based on Genetic Algorithm (GA-DSPA) method. This breakthrough enables optimization of spectrum and power resources, significantly improving the performance of both systems while maintaining electromagnetic compatibility.

Researchers have unveiled a novel imaging method that leverages the interaction between light, sound, and thermally induced changes in materials. This discovery identifies a previously unexplored contrast mechanism in optoacoustic imaging, which arises from small temperature-driven variations in electromagnetic properties. The new approach enhances imaging sensitivity and resolution, enabling precise visualization of tissue structures. This advancement holds significant promise for improving diagnostic accuracy and advancing biomedical applications, particularly in tissue characterization and disease monitoring.

With mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) base editing tools, this study controlled the nuclear background to investigate the causal effect of mtDNA mutations. Co-existence of wild-type and mutant mtDNA (heteroplasmy) in MT-ND5 was introduced.  Enhanced oncogenic potential was confirmed with in vitro and in vivo assays. They reported compromised mitochondrial respiration and increased glycolytic activity, often termed as the Warburg effect following the mutations. By tracking cellular phenotypes during the MT-ND5 heteroplasmy decay, they reasoned that the increased glycolytic activity was to rescue NAD⁺ depreciation. Increased ROS level, genome instability, altered NAD⁺ epigenetics are the likely factors drove oncogenesis post MT-ND5 mutations.

A large Mendelian randomization study, published in eGastroenterology by Liu et al., identified multisite chronic pain as a key causal factor for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), along with links to depression, neuroticism, and gastro-esophageal reflux disease. The findings highlight chronic pain and mental well-being as priority targets for IBS prevention and call for integrated strategies addressing both gastrointestinal and psychiatric health.

A joint research team from the Defense Innovation Institute at the Chinese Academy of Military Science and the College of Aerospace Science and Engineering at the National University of Defense Technology has developed a novel method for satellite 3D component layout optimization based on engineering requirements. The satellite 3D component layout problem involves determining both component assignment schemes and position variables simultaneously with complex multidisciplinary constraints, making it an NP-hard multi-constrained bilevel combinatorial optimization problem. The team proposed a Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) model to formulate the heat dissipation performance objective and the constraints of component 3D geometry, system stability, and special component position, transforming the original bilevel problem into a single-level optimization problem. Case studies demonstrate that the proposed method can efficiently generate layout solutions, providing fresh insights for engineering layout design.

This paper explores the ballistic response mechanism of UHMWPE composite through experimental and simulation analyses. Then, a resistance-driven modeling method was proposed to establish a theoretical model for predicting the bulletproof performance.The absolute deviations of bulletproof performance indicator between theoretical value and experimental value were well within 11.13%, demonstrating that the established evaluation model possessed high degree of prediction accuracy

This multidisciplinary study synthesizes seismic, geological, and socio-economic analyses to dissect the 2025 earthquake's mechanisms and consequences.