Neurons face an exceptional proteostasis challenge because their extreme polarization requires rapid proteome remodeling at distal axons and synapses. Rather than acting as separate systems, ribonucleoprotein granules and membranous organelles cooperate to form mobile translation platforms.

T-cell engagers (TCEs) are an emerging class of immunotherapeutics that have demonstrated considerable clinical efficacy across a range of tumor types. However, their clinical application remains constrained by the challenge of balancing antitumor activity with acceptable safety, which is particularly prominent in solid malignancies. Multiple strategies have been explored to address this trade-off, including molecular engineering, dosing regimens, and patient selection. Nonetheless, within molecular design efforts, activity and toxicity are still largely optimized in isolation.

Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is a non-canonical neurotrophic factor broadly expressed throughout the brain. Previous work has shown that MANF modulates neuronal functions in various disease contexts; however, its cell-type-specific roles within the brain remain incompletely understood. Notably, clinical data link MANF deficiency to microcephaly in humans, yet traditional rodent models fail to replicate this pathology.

A team from Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital reviewed 216 foot and ankle cases managed through a medical–engineering collaboration workflow powered by 3D printing and digital planning. Rather than treating 3D printing as a standalone tool, the researchers built an integrated system that connects imaging, virtual surgical planning, personalized guides, rehabilitation devices, and even patient-specific implants.

The results highlight a shift from “one-size-fits-all” surgery toward truly individualized treatment.

Despite the ultra-high theoretical capacity of silicon (Si) anodes, their practical application is severely hindered by drastic volume effect and an unstable solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI). Atomic/molecular layer deposition (ALD/MLD) technology exhibits unique advantages in mitigating these challenges by constructing a stable and functionalized interface on Si anodes. This review summarizes recent advances and presents perspectives on ALD/MLD for Si anode interface engineering. Firstly, the existing interfacial challenges are analyzed: mechanical failure and structural degradation, complex/unstable SEI, and insufficient interfacial charge transfer. Subsequently, the key role and mechanism of ALD/MLD in enhancing the performance of Si anodes are elucidated from an atomic/molecular-scale interface engineering perspective. Crucially, three key aspects are emphasized: enhancing structural stability through mechanical confinement and stress dissipation, inducing the formation of stable SEI via ingenious interface chemical design, and constructing efficient ion/electron transport channels to optimize interfacial charge transfer kinetics. Finally, future research directions on ALD/MLD for Si anode interface engineering are proposed.

AI4S in Educational Research, edited by Professor Chen Xiangdong from the Department of Education Information Technology at the Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, presents a core research finding of the Chinese Association for Artificial Intelligence (CAAI). The book systematically constructs a theoretical and practical framework for AI4S-empowered educational research, providing essential academic guidance and actionable references for educational researchers and administrators.