Anemia is a common condition in premature infants, particularly those at risk for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). While the relationship between anemia and ROP risk remains complex, recent studies have explored potential mechanisms linking anemia to ROP progression. Now, a Pediatric Investigation review evaluates existing literature on iron deficiency and its molecular mechanisms in ROP development, highlighting the need for further targeted clinical trials to clarify the role of anemia in ROP.

While some captive birds have been reported to be able to imitate human-made sounds, such as human words and coughs, ornithologists from China first quantitatively described human-made sounds, the sounds of electric mopeds, imitated by Chinese Blackbirds living in the wild.

In the fields of optoelectronic technology and optical information processing, light modulation and control constitute pivotal technologies for achieving efficient optical communication, optical imaging, and sensing systems. Particularly in the terahertz (THz) frequency regime, THz technology has demonstrated broad application prospects in security screening, biomedical imaging, and communication systems due to its unique penetration capabilities and low photon energy. With advancements in micro-nano optics, metasurfaces have garnered significant attention for their ability to manipulate light properties—including phase, amplitude, polarization, and frequency—at subwavelength scales.