With the sustained growth of the economy and significant changes in social demographics, the issue of elderly-related diseases has increasingly drawn attention, particularly. Alzheimer’s disease (AD), as a representative disease of neurodegenerative diseases, has become a major challenge, affecting the health and quality of life of the elderly population severely. In recent years, the incidence, prevalence and mortality rates of AD have increased in China, imposing substantial economic burdens on families, society and the entire healthcare system. To proactively address this challenge and respond to the national ‘Healthy China Action’ initiative, leading experts from authoritative institutions jointly authored the China Alzheimer Report 2025. Building on previous editions, this report updates epidemiological data on AD in China, thoroughly analyses the latest economic burdens of the disease and comprehensively evaluates the current status of AD diagnosis and treatment services, as well as the allocation of public health resources in our country. Its release reflects China’s progress in AD research and prevention, underscores societal concern for elderly health and aims to provide scientific guidance and data support for AD prevention, diagnosis and treatment. It also facilitates academic exchanges and cooperation, enhancing public awareness and promoting active participation in elderly healthcare, towards achieving ‘healthy ageing’ in China.

The substitution of traditional fossil fuels with renewable energy sources is a crucial endeavor for achieving carbon neutrality targets. However, the intermittency of solar, wind, and other renewables poses significant challenges to the power grid. Power-to-X (P2X) technologies play an essential role in enabling the efficient consumption of renewable energy. High-temperature solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) to convert CO₂ offer a promising method for CO₂ conversion, allowing renewable electricity to be stored in chemical form and facilitating the resourceful utilization of carbon resources. In this paper, the mechanism of CO₂ reduction through SOECs is reviewed, two pathways for converting CO₂ to chemicals via SOECs are summarized, and the current markets and manufacturers of SOECs are elucidated. Based on this discussion and analysis, the main challenges and development directions for the large-scale application of SOECs in CO₂ conversion are further proposed.

A perspective published by researchers at the University of Science and Technology Beijing discusses research by Stoddart et al. in Nature Chemistry that demonstrates that engineered supramolecular crystals can optimize hydrogen storage performance.

A comprehensive review reveals how large language models (LLMs) are transforming bioinformatics by enabling unprecedented analysis of biological sequences, protein structures, and multi-omics data. The study highlights LLMs’ capabilities in accelerating drug discovery, improving disease diagnostics, and mining biomedical literature—while addressing critical challenges like interpretability and data bias. Future directions emphasize multimodal AI integration and ethical frameworks to advance precision medicine.

A team of international researchers has published a comprehensive review in Advanced Science detailing how combining protein three-dimensional spatial structures with artificial intelligence is reshaping the way scientists predict and design drug combinations. By integrating high-resolution protein modeling with advanced AI algorithms, the approach offers unprecedented accuracy in identifying synergistic and antagonistic effects, paving the way for safer and more effective treatments for cancer, infectious diseases, and metabolic disorders.

Tiny spikes on cucumber fruits, known as trichomes or fruit spines, serve as more than just surface features—they play a key role in defense and quality. Now, researchers have identified CsTs, a C-type lectin receptor-like kinase gene, as a master regulator of trichome development.