Solitons are prototypical localized states in nonlinear physics. Their formation usually relies on a balance between wave-packet spreading and nonlinear self-focusing. In conventional Hermitian lattices, the threshold for soliton formation is often governed by dimensionality and boundary geometry. For instance, in two dimensions, corners are more favorable for soliton formation than edges, and edges are more favorable than the bulk. In non-Hermitian systems with the non-Hermitian skin effect, however, linear eigenmodes can become anomalously concentrated near boundaries or other selected regions, reshaping this familiar picture. Then, the open question is: How does skin-mode localization affect soliton formation? What role does band nonreciprocity play? Moreover, do these two non-Hermitian mechanisms act in the same way or in opposite ways? 

A research team has discovered a superconducting dome with a record maximum T_c of approximately 17.8 K in the rhombohedral-I phase of ReO₃ under high pressures of 12 to 39 GPa. This study reveals how a densified oxygen lattice and strong metal-oxygen covalent hybridization synergistically drive the electron-phonon coupling, offering a new pathway for discovering light-element-dominated superconductors in metal oxides.

Sepsis can leave survivors with lasting brain symptoms. Researchers report that ANXA2, a protein in the brain's immune cells, may act like an inflammation amplifier after sepsis. They designed a dual-targeted lipid carrier to bring evodiamine into the brain and microglia, easing inflammation and improving behavior and memory in mice.

Researchers identified two opposing tumor-associated macrophage states that regulate T cell interferon signaling and immunotherapy response in gastric cancer. An interferon-responsive immune niche predicts improved outcomes, while lipid-driven macrophages suppress T cell function and contribute to resistance.

While Parkinson’s disease (PD) involves complex factors, specific genetic causes often remain unknown. In Science Bulletin, a Central South University team identified H6PD as a novel PD causative gene, and found that H6PD mutations damage MAMs, the "bridges" between organelles. This "bridge failure" disables cleanup, causing mitochondrial buildup and neuron death. The study reveals a "H6PD-MAMs-Mitophagy" pathway, offering fresh targets for PD’s precision medicine.

_{Identifying reliable predictors for dementia remains a critical unmet need. Light exposure plays a crucial role in regulating circadian rhythms, which influence cognitive function. However, the association between light exposure and dementia risk remains unclear.}

_{Depression and obesity are major global health burdens, yet the co-occurrence patterns and temporal trends of their comorbidity remain poorly characterised at the global level. To map the global patterns of co-occurring depression and obesity, quantify temporal trends of depression, obesity and comorbidity, forecast the prevalence of comorbidity up to 2035 and compare social indicators across groups stratified by their combined temporal trends of depression and obesity.}

Using a dual-modification strategy of in-situ silica and mercaptosilane alongside a covalent co-vulcanization network, the study constructs ultra-durable carbon nanotube strain sensors. This design effectively suppresses filler secondary agglomeration. Benefiting from this robust chemical bonding, the sensor maintains exceptional signal stability without significant drift after 15,000 stretch cycles, achieving industry-leading durability under extreme acidic, alkaline, and saline environments.

Bacteria naturally release microscopic particles known as bacterial extracellular vesicles. This review considers how these vesicles could be adapted for precision cancer medicine, from carrying drugs and activating immune responses to limiting metastasis and identifying cancer biomarkers. It also examines the practical obstacles ahead, including inconsistent production, safety risks, contamination and the lack of shared manufacturing and quality standards.

This work introduces a reusable, dry, one-step method for direct collection and transfer of high-resolution single‑walled carbon nanotube films of predetermined geometry without material waste or necessity for post‑processing. By locally clogging pores of filter by stencil imprinting, the method yields reusable membranes that leave undesired areas completely CNT‑free and achieve laser‑limited ~100 µm features. Demonstrations include ultra-sensitive strain gauges and a stretchable THz spiral zone plate, highlighting potential for future optical and sensing devices.