China’s national carbon market has become the world’s largest carbon market and is expected to be a crucial policy instrument for achieving the country’s “dual carbon” goals. The design of China’s national carbon market integrates economic theory and international experiences, and more importantly, it fully considers China’s actual situation. This is reflected in key areas such as sectoral coverage, allowance allocation, cap setting, and the MRV (Monitoring, Reporting and Verification) system. Currently, China’s national carbon market has made effective progress in several aspects, but it also faces challenges.

The In₂O₃ catalyst prepared via precipitation undergoes an important structural evolution during CO₂ hydrogenation. Initial activation involves nanoparticle sintering and formation of oxygen vacancies, which enhanced CO₂ conversion but reduced methanol selectivity. Combined experimental and computational studies show that surfaces with more oxygen vacancies or hydroxyl groups accelerate CO₂ conversion but favor CO formation over methanol. This work provides crucial insights into designing optimal In₂O₃ catalysts for methanol synthesis from CO₂ hydrogenation.

This review systematically examines how self-assembled molecules enhance the performance and stability of perovskite optoelectronic devices, focusing on their properties, mechanisms, and rational design strategies.

Ionic aggregates are among the most prevalent forms of matter, yet studying molecular motion within them has often been limited by the structural complexity arising from the co-existence of anionic and cationic units and the lack of real-time monitoring techniques. Researchers at The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen) recently introduced an innovative zwitterionic strategy. They integrated cations and anions into one fluorescent organic framework, forming a zwitterionic molecule. By leveraging changes in fluorescence wavelengths and intensities, they achieved real-time monitoring of both inter- and intramolecular motion within ionic aggregates. Published in National Science Review, this finding provides a new paradigm for investigating the molecular dynamics in complex ionic aggregates.

A research team from the Tsinghua University and the Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed a big data-guided algorithm for personalizing transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) treatment in depression. Using over 3,000 brain scans, the method improves targeting precision and shows stronger links to treatment efficacy than conventional approaches.

In a paper published in SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences, a team of researchers performed comparative analyses of the microbial ectoenzyme activities under atmospheric and in situ pressure conditions in the water column of the Mariana Trench, by conducting pressure-retaining sampling, isobaric transfer, and enzymatic assays in the Challenger Deep. It highlights the importance of pressure-retaining sampling and isobaric enzymatic assays and provides valuable insights into microbial ectoenzymatic activities in the deep ocean.

This study explores a weakly supervised bird counting method based on multimodal perception model that fuses optical image features and visual semantic cues. The method addresses challenges such as small target detection, complex backgrounds, and scale changes in ecological monitoring of optical remote sensing images without relying on detailed location annotations.

A research team led by Prof. LIU Zhiyong at the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has identified two novel genetic mechanisms for disease resistance in wheat, offering promising strategies to enhance resilience against powdery mildew and stripe rust.

In this paper, Al, Al-Mg, Al-Si core-shell coated samples and physical mixture samples with PVDF were prepared using two different methods. The prepared samples and combustion products were characterized in terms of morphology through SEM-FIB and XRD techniques. Additionally, the combustion and energy release characteristics of the samples were evaluated through combustion performance tests, closed-volume pressure tests, and thermal analysis experiments.