Human-robot interaction (HRI) depends on advanced sensing technologies to ensure both safety and efficiency. However, most current robotic sensors offer limited functionality. This study presents a fully soft robotic sensor with four integrated sensing capabilities: spatial proximity sensing, non-contact thermal sensing, contact-based thermal sensing, and mechanical force sensing. This multipurpose sensor enables precise detection of thermal and mechanical stimuli in both contact and non-contact manners. When integrated with a soft gripper and robotic arm, the robotic sensor demonstrated robust performance across a range of HRI scenarios. This technique could advance robotic perception and adaptability in complex environments.

In a study published in National Science Review, researchers present multiple lines of observational and modeling evidence for a ~4% decline in global atmospheric oxidation capacity in 2020, reflected by a drop in hydroxyl radical (OH) concentrations. Using satellite-based carbon monoxide data, as well as methane and methyl chloroform observations, the study reveals that this OH reduction occurred in both hemispheres—approximately 2.4% in the Northern Hemisphere and 5.7% in the Southern Hemisphere—driven by distinct mechanisms. In the Northern Hemisphere, reduced NO_x emissions due to COVID-19 lockdowns led to lower OH and tropospheric ozone levels, while in the Southern Hemisphere, massive emissions of reactive carbon from unprecedented Australian wildfires caused OH depletion but tropospheric ozone increases. This contrast in tropospheric ozone anomalies is further corroborated by satellite data. The findings help explain one of the record-breaking rises in atmospheric methane in 2020 and underscore the critical role of both natural and anthropogenic factors in shaping Earth’s atmospheric chemistry and global methane budget.

Water ecological health is crucial for sustainable ecosystems and human well-being. However, China's complex water environments present significant challenges for precise health assessments. After analyzing global water ecological practices, Wenqing Liu's team identified specific challenges to China's water ecological monitoring and assessment, including cognition, observation, and analysis gaps.

This review focuses on the critical role of amino acid metabolism in breast cancer development and progression. It explains how cancer cells reprogram amino acid usage—especially glutamine, serine, glycine, aspartate, arginine, and tryptophan—to support proliferation, survival, immune evasion, and metastasis. The review emphasizes metabolic heterogeneity among different breast cancer subtypes and explores therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways.

This review covers recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) for aquatic species identification and conservation, systematically summarizing the current applications and challenges of machine learning algorithms in image analysis, acoustic identification, and ecological threat detection. It highlights that AI models such as convolutional neural network (CNN) and recurrent neural network (RNN) have demonstrated significantly higher accuracy and scalability in species classification, habitat monitoring, and environmental threat detection compared to traditional ecological survey methods. Additionally, through bibliometric analysis, the study identifies global research trends and interdisciplinary collaboration patterns, emphasizing the importance of strengthening cross-disciplinary cooperation, establishing standardized protocols, and developing open data platforms to support sustainable aquatic ecosystem conservation.

This study proposes an automatic liver segmentation method for computed tomography (CT) images based on an improved ResUNet, which integrates the advantages of UNet and ResNet architectures to achieve high-precision segmentation on 128×128pixel images. The model removes batch normalization layers and incorporates residual blocks, combined with data augmentation techniques, ultimately achieving excellent metrics such as a Dice coefficient of 93.08% and accuracy of 98.57%. Surpassing traditional methods, this approach provides efficient and reliable technical support for liver disease diagnosis.

This review article provides a comprehensive overview of stress granules (SGs) —membraneless organelles formed in response to cellular stress—and their interactions with other organelles. It explores their structure, function, roles in health and disease, especially neurodegeneration, and discusses methodologies used to study these interactions. SGs influence critical cellular pathways, and understanding their interplay with both membrane-bound and membraneless organelles can reveal potential therapeutic targets for diseases like ALS and FTD.

New research found that combining radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy provides dual therapeutic benefits for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), effectively controlling distant tumors while preventing recurrence. The combination therapy significantly enhances infiltration of CD8⁺ T cells and dendritic cells while reducing PMN-MDSCs, mediated through activation of CXCL10/JAK-STAT signaling pathways. Importantly, this approach establishes durable immune memory capable of inhibiting growth of rechallenge tumor.

Zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSs) are promising energy storage systems integrating high energy density and high-power density, whereas they are plagued by the poor electrochemical stability and inferior kinetics of zinc anodes. Herein, we report an electrolyte additive-assembled interconnecting molecules–zinc anode interface, realizing highly stable and fast-kinetics zinc anodes for ZHSs. The sulfobutyl groups-grafted β-cyclodextrin (SC) supramolecules as a trace additive in ZnSO₄ electrolytes not only adsorb on zinc anodes but also self-assemble into an interconnecting molecule interface benefiting from the mutual attraction between the electron-rich sulfobutyl group and the electron-poor cavity of the adjacent SC supramolecule. The interconnecting molecules–zinc anode interface provides abundant anion-trapping cavities and zincophilic groups to enhance Zn²⁺ transference number and homogenize Zn²⁺ deposition sites, and meanwhile, it accelerates the desolvation of hydrated Zn²⁺ to improve zinc deposition kinetics and inhibit active water molecules from inducing parasitic reactions at the zinc deposition interface, making zinc anodes present superior reversibility with 99.7% Coulombic efficiency, ~ 30 times increase in operation lifetime and an outstanding cumulative capacity at large current densities. ZHSs with 20,000-cycle life and optimized rate capability are thereby achieved. This work provides an inspiring strategy for designing zinc anode interfaces to promote the development of ZHSs.