This review focuses on the unique characteristics of mitochondrial nucleoids in mammalian cells, highlighting their semi-autonomous nature and the role of phase separation in their organization and function. It draws parallels to the well-established role of phase separation in nuclear architecture and gene regulation.

Researchers developed a robust microalgae cultivation system using 200 mM formate - the highest concentration ever reported - to efficiently produce high-quality protein with optimal amino acid profiles.

Researchers isolated Methylophilus sp. HN238 for efficient microbial protein production. After optimizing fermentation conditions, a 387.30% increase in protein yield was achieved, proving a promising solution for sustainable protein production.

Researchers identified key genes in Streptomyces cinnamonensis to enhance monensin production, a widely used antibiotic. By enhancing fatty acid degradation genes, yields rose 10%–22%. Tandem overexpression of these genes in engineered strain achieved record yields, which is of a big industrial promise.

A new approach called monolithic synchronous integration enables the direct fabrication of lead-based optoelectronic devices on silicon circuits, promising simpler, cost-effective production of high-performance image sensors and displays.

The nonlinear optical properties of BP/ReS₂ heterojunction saturable absorber in 2 μm all-solid-state lasers was investigated systematically.

Morphine is a potent opioid medicine utilized for the management of moderate to severe pain, particularly in palliative care, post-surgical recovery, and cancer treatment. But, it carries risks of addiction liability and respiratory depression. Thus, aim of the review was designed to insights into morphine: extraction, structural characterization, and pharmacological properties. A literature survey on scientific journals, books as well as electronic sources was performed for the content. This review delves into the multifaceted aspects of morphine, one of the most well-known opiate analgesics, focusing on its extraction, structural characterization, and pharmacological properties. The pharmacological profile of morphine is critically examined, highlighting its mechanisms of action, including its interactions with opioid receptors, and the resulting physiological effects. Also, the therapeutic applications of morphine is discussed in pain management, its potential for addiction, and the emergence of tolerance. By synthesizing current knowledge, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of morphine’s significance in medicine and its implications for future pharmacological developments.

Dear Editor,

Nipah virus (NiV) poses a significant threat to global health security due to its high fatality rate and the possibility of human-to-human transmission.1 This zoonotic virus can cause serious effect in both animals and humans.2 Although there are currently no approved vaccines or therapeutics for NiV, there have been promising advances in vaccine development in recent years, bringing us one step closer to curbing the impact of this deadly disease. NiV outbreaks have been reported in several countries in southern Asian countries in support of their statement, outbreaks are taken place annually in Bangladesh.3 The main route of transmission to human is through contact with infected animals, particularly, flying fox (Pteropus) natural reservoir of the virus. However, raising concerns about the pandemic potential of the virus and their impact on human-to-human transmission has also been documented.4