Researchers from the Shanghai Advanced Research Institute and collaborating institutions have achieved high-precision measurements of the ²⁷Al(γ,n)²⁶Al photoneutron cross section using quasi-monochromatic γbeams at the Shanghai Laser-Electron Gamma Source (SLEGS). By employing a novel flat-efficiency neutron detector array, the team reduced measurement uncertainties to below 4%, resolving discrepancies in existing experimental data and improving theoretical models for nuclear astrophysics. The results, spanning 13.2–21.7 MeV, provide critical insights into the production of ²⁶Al in cosmic environments and address inconsistencies with prior datasets. 

High-performance neodymium-iron-boron (Nd-Fe-B) magnets are susceptible to environmental degradation. In a recent breakthrough, researchers from Hangzhou Dianzi University in China have pioneered a novel coating technology to overcome their long-standing vulnerability in harsh conditions. This work is expected to pave the way for the reliable use of Nd-Fe-B magnets in offshore wind turbines, aerospace systems, as well as other extreme environments.

Carbon, the miraculous element in nature, continues to refresh the understanding of materials science. From soft graphite to hard diamond, carbon atoms display dramatically different material structures and properties through various arrangements. Recently, a review by Prof. Yanwu Zhu’s team at University of Science and Technology of China, published in National Science Review, summarizes the latest theoretical prediction and experimental preparation of 3D carbon crystals, painting an exciting blueprint for this field full of possibilities.

The Martian atmosphere has been unexpectedly discovered to be nearly a perfect working medium and unique work patterns of its thermoelectric conversion on Mars have been reported. The inherent advantages of in-situ resource utilization significantly enhance the sustainability of efficient thermoelectric conversion; The inertness, High specific heat capacity, and large molecular characteristics contribute to increased efficiency and power density. Compared to mainstream rare gases, efficiency could improve by 7.4% to 20.0%, and power-density could increase by 1.0% to 14.2%. Notably, conversion efficiency (>22%) can be achieved even at relatively low hot-end temperatures (<973K); Reviewing current space thermoelectric conversion technology, it can achieve higher power-density and efficiency, particularly above 100 kW, it offers significant advantages of lightweight compared to mature technologies; The high-grade waste heat from Martian gas can be utilized for combined oxygen production and heating Mars colony.

The first deep-sea experimental application of diamond quantum vector magnetometer.