A new analysis from the PURE-China cohort suggests a J-shaped association between daily sitting time and cardiovascular disease and mortality risks. Among 41,733 Chinese adults followed for a median of 11.9 years, the lowest risk occurred at around 4 hours of sitting per day. While replacing sitting with physical activity was beneficial among high-sitting adults, modest sitting appeared potentially protective among low-sitting, highly active individuals.

Vaccination has saved millions of lives and is regarded as one of modern medicine's most important successes. Effective vaccination programs should be based on risk assessment that considers demographic and occupational factors. When developing a vaccination program, it is essential to identify the target groups, including travelers, infants, high-risk workers, and those in critical roles such as farming and agriculture. In biosafety and biosecurity, vaccines are a key component of measures designed to protect laboratory personnel, the community, and the environment. Guidelines from global health organizations such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention are tailored to specific pathogens and depend on the type of work performed and the associated risk. These guidelines are continuously revised and updated to ensure the effectiveness of vaccination programs. Vaccines also play a role in One Health approaches that are focused on the interconnectedness of animals, humans, and the environment. Targeted vaccination strategies for both domestic animals and wildlife are necessary to maintain animal health, improve livestock productivity, and prevent the spread of zoonotic and foodborne diseases to humans. In this paper, we aimed to provide an overview regarding the crucial roles of vaccines in biosafety, biosecurity, and One Health approaches, as well as to highlight the importance of targeted and personalized strategies to improve the effectiveness of vaccination programs. Herein, we also discuss various vaccines aimed at specific target groups as recommended by global health organizations, with a particular emphasis on laboratory workers and the vaccines necessary to reduce laboratory-acquired infections. Finally, we discuss animal vaccines and targeted strategies for vaccinating domestic and wildlife populations.

A study of 52 college students found that VR mindfulness meditation improved emotion regulation, relaxation, and mindful attention more than audio-only practice. The strongest results came from a self-developed EEG-interactive VR forest that changed in response to users' brain signals, while lavender scent improved relaxation but appeared to reduce concentration.

PS‑NPs/TPhP alter gut microbiota, impair gut structure and disturb oxidative, inflammatory, detoxifying metabolism via distinct pathways; their antagonistic co‑exposure disrupts lipid metabolism, clarifying gut‑liver-axis risks for salamanders.

Diagnostic laboratories are central to disease surveillance and epidemic preparedness, yet poor adherence to biosafety and biosecurity protocols can put laboratory staff, communities and the environment at risk. This study assessed biosecurity and biosafety practices in 96 public and private biomedical and veterinary laboratories in Benin. Using a cross-sectional design, biomedical laboratories were evaluated with the Biosafety and Biosecurity in Laboratory Tool, while veterinary laboratories were assessed using the Laboratory Mapping Tool. Data were collected through KoBoCollect and analysed using R. Most laboratories showed poor compliance with established guidelines: 42% were classified as very high risk, 38% as high risk, 15% as moderate risk and only 5% as low risk. Strengthened policies and targeted capacity-building for laboratory staff and managers are urgently needed.

Spinal cord injury is often seen as damage to the nervous system, but a new review argues that paralysis is only the visible tip of a much larger iceberg. The authors map how spinal cord trauma can disrupt autonomic control, immunity and metabolism, triggering complications across distant organs and reshaping long-term recovery.

This study reviews ecological operation practices in China's Tarim and Irtysh River Basins, focusing on innovations such as multiscale reservoir ecological operations, ecological infiltration irrigation, and ecological water conveyance strategies. These approaches have effectively restored riparian vegetation, enhanced groundwater recharge, and improved biodiversity while balancing socioeconomic demands. The paper also discusses persisting challenges like climate variability and competing water demands. Lastly, the paper proposes an integrated framework combining reservoir regulation, ecological flow reconstruction, and targeted water delivery technologies to enhance sustainable water management in arid regions.

In the integration of heterogeneous catalysis with two-dimensional (2D) materials, Li–O₂ batteries serve as valuable research prototypes, particularly for investigating the efficient oxygen reduction/evolution reaction in multiphase environments. However, the advantages and limitations associated with the unique anisotropy and electronic properties of 2D materials in Li–O₂ batteries (LOBs) remain unclear. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of 2D cathode catalysts for LOBs, including graphene, transition metal oxides/hydroxides, dichalcogenides, and metal carbides, together with their corresponding activation engineering strategies. More specifically, we thoroughly examine the pivotal role of anisotropic catalytic properties on the large surface areas and terminal edge active sites of 2D cathode catalysts. The correlations are analyzed between 2D material design and catalytic mechanisms in LOBs, particularly in adsorption strength of intermediates, electronic structure and discharge product. Additionally, the expanded applications of 2D materials in components such as lithium anode protection and rapid lithium-ion transport are also briefly discussed by leveraging their favorable physicochemical properties. Finally, the challenges and future directions for the development and application of 2D materials are summarized and discussed, which is expected to unlock the full potential of LOBs batteries as next-generation energy storage technologies.