Cortinarius species are widely distributed in the world and constitute a diverse group of ectomycorrhizal fungi that are associated with a broad range of plant hosts. The species diversity of this genus has been investigated in China, but it remains poorly understood, especially in subtropical regions. In this study, one new section, six novel species, one new combination, one new name, and one new record of Cortinarius are reported from subtropical China based on the morphological and molecular evidences. Cortinarius lilacinicarpus, C. sinocalaisopus, C. sinosalor, and C. vividus spp. nov., C. orientisalor nom. nov., and C. illibatus are typical species of the section Delibuti. Cortinarius macroflavicapus sp. nov. belongs to Macroflavicapi sect. nov., a new section in the subgenus Dermocybe. Cortinarius tianbaoyanensis sp. nov. and C. dryadicola comb. nov. belong to section Spilomei. Detailed descriptions, basidiocarps, and microscopic photographs are provided for these species. In addition, C. leptospermorum comb. nov. in section Pauperae, subgenus Dermocybe is proposed.

The article introduces a novel method for generating coherent light over an octave-spanning range at the nanoscale using phase-matching-free down-conversion in gallium selenide and niobium oxide diiodide crystals. This technique produces a broad spectral range (565 to 1906 nm) with nanometer-scale thickness and low excitation power, offering high efficiency. It holds potential for compact, versatile ultra-broadband light sources, with applications in metrology, spectroscopy, and telecommunications.

A research team led by Prof. WAN Yinhua from the Institute of Process Engineering (IPE) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed a dual-functional reverse osmosis (RO) membrane with enhanced antibacterial and antiadhesion properties. The membrane demonstrates broad-spectrum, sustained antibacterial activity, as well as resistance to various foulants. These properties make it suitable for water purification, seawater desalination, and high-salinity wastewater treatment, among other applications.

Researchers investigated the microwave heating characteristics in a single-mode microwave system by using Multiphysics numerical simulations. The key findings provided a theoretical basis for comprehending microwave-heating processes in single-mode reactors and clarify the common microwave-specific effects encountered in laboratory settings.

A groundbreaking review highlights significant advancements in the understanding and treatment of cerebral vascular malformations (CVMs), emphasizing the potential of precision medicine. Integrating genetic, molecular, and imaging insights, the study redefines therapeutic strategies for these life-altering neurological conditions.

A novel, low-cost, biomass-derived catalyst with iron-nitrogen-phosphorus (Fe-N₃P) active sites has been developed. This catalyst offers a sustainable and cost-effective solution for energy conversion, exhibiting superior oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance compared to commercial platinum catalysts in both alkaline solutions and zinc-air batteries.

In the research, they proposed the concept of Graph Foundation Model (GFM), encapsulating the vision of harmoniously merging the capabilities of graph models and large language models.

In a paper published in SCIENCE CHINA Life Science, an international team of scientists provided a comprehensive overview of single-cell and spatial genomics. They review breakthroughs in single-cell multi-omics technologies, spatial genomics methods, and the computational strategies employed toward the analyses of single-cell atlas data. Additionally, they emphasize the progress in constructing cellular atlases and their clinical applications, particularly in the context of disease. Lastly, they discuss emerging trends, challenges, and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field.

A research team led by Professor Ming Cai from Florida State University, in collaboration with researchers from Sun Yat-sen University, Peking University, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, recently published a groundbreaking paper in National Science Review. Titled “Principles-Based Adept Predictions of Global Warming from Climate Mean States”, the study introduces a novel framework that accurately predicts the magnitude and spatial pattern of global warming caused by greenhouse gas emissions, without relying on complex climate models or statistical analysis. For the first time, this study confirms that observed global warming is driven by human-caused greenhouse gas emissions, independently of these conventional approaches.