A new study published in the journal npj Ocean Sustainability says while there has been considerable research into the international policy implications of implementing the Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) agreement, often known as the High Seas Treaty there has until now been a lack of information on how science can play its role in delivering the objectives.

MIT scientists found that as sea surface temperatures rise over the next century, phytoplankton in polar regions will adapt to be less rich in proteins, heavier in carbohydrates, and lower in nutrients overall. 

In a new study of viral abundance over a short time frame in the Sargasso Sea, researchers found that almost all viruses with cyclical changes in abundance were most active at night – somewhat surprising when the team expected microbial behavior to pick up pace when light was available for photosynthesis. It turns out the viruses most busy at night were not infecting bacteria that perform photosynthesis, which are among the types of bacteria known to be infected by viruses. Instead, these overnight viral hosts were microbes that focus on consumption of other organic matter because they can’t produce their own food. The findings reveal another level of complexity of viral interactions with marine bacteria, opening the door to new questions about how these dances in the dark influence ecological services provided by the world’s oceans.