Onboard model, capable of providing estimated measurable values and unmeasurable performance parameters of interest with the maximal fidelity, serves as the cornerstone for aircraft engine control and fault diagnosis. As aircraft engine configurations grow increasingly complex to meet the performance specifications of next-generation propulsion systems, significant challenges is proposed to the accuracy and real-time performance of onboard models. Consequently, the development of onboard modeling techniques has become increasingly crucial.

To answer this question: Can generative AI improve vehicle trajectory prediction in car-following scenarios? Researchers from the University of Wisconsin–Madison, Tongji University, and collaborators developed FollowGen, a conditional diffusion model that integrates historical motion features and inter-vehicle interactions to generate safer and more reliable trajectory predictions for autonomous driving.

Cross-city transfer learning (CCTL) has emerged as a crucial approach for managing the growing complexity of urban data and addressing the challenges posed by rapid urbanization. This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent advances in CCTL, with a focus on its applications in urban computing tasks, including prediction, detection, and deployment. We examine the role of CCTL in facilitating policy adaptation and influencing behavioral change. Specifically, we provide a systematic overview of widely used datasets, including traffic sensor data, GPS trajectory data, online social network data, and map data. Furthermore, we conduct an in-depth analysis of methods and evaluation metrics employed across different CCTL-based urban computing tasks. Finally, we emphasize the potential of cross-city policy transfer in promoting low-carbon and sustainable urban development. This review aims to serve as a reference for future urban development research and promote the practical implementation of CCTL.

To answer this question: Can Traffic Accident Reports Aid Visual Accident Anticipation? A research team led by Professor Zhenning Li from the University of Macau proposes a visual-textual dual-branch traffic accident prediction framework that leverages domain knowledge, aiming to achieve high-performance, high-efficiency, and explainable accident anticipation.

Researchers at the University of Wisconsin–Madison have developed a control framework to enable safe and robust docking of Modular Autonomous Vehicles (MAVs) under uncertainty. The proposed method combines adaptive control with safety barrier functions and is validated through both simulation and the first-ever field test of MAV docking using a reduced-scale robotic platform.

In this study, we proposed a novel Knowledge-Informed Deep Learning (KIDL) paradigm that, to the best of our knowledge, is the first to unify behavioral generalization and traffic flow stability by systematically integrating high-level knowledge distillation from LLMs with physically grounded stability constraints in car-following modeling. Generalization is enhanced by distilling car-following knowledge from LLMs into a lightweight and efficient neural network, while local and string stability are achieved by embedding physically grounded constraints into the distillation process. Experimental results on real-world traffic datasets validate the effectiveness of the KIDL paradigm, showing its ability to replicate and even surpass the LLM's generalization performance. It also outperforms traditional physics-based, data-driven, and hybrid CFMs by at least 10.18% in terms of trajectory simulation error RMSE. Furthermore, the resulting KIDL model is proven through theoretical and numerical analysis to ensure local and string stability at all equilibrium states, offering a strong foundation for advancing AV technologies.

Researchers at Chang’an University have developed a novel combined virtual-real testing (CVRT) platform for validating autonomous vehicles. This innovative approach utilizes digital twin technology to simulate realistic scenarios and conduct parallel AEB (autonomous emergency braking) tests across various conditions. The results indicate that CVRT closely replicates real-world performance while significantly reducing test time by up to 70%. This breakthrough offers a safer, more efficient method for validating autonomous systems, with implications for scalable testing and regulation in the autonomous vehicle industry.

Socially compliant automated vehicles (SCAVs) mark a new frontier in human-centric driving automation. Integrating sensing, socially aware decision-making, safety constraints, spatial-temporal memory, and bidirectional behavioral adaptation, the proposed framework aims for AVs to interpret, learn from, and respond to human drivers. By embedding social intelligence into automated driving systems, this research paves the way for vehicles that not only drive safely but also drive socially.

Image reconstruction—the process of recovering clear images from incomplete or noisy data—has been advancing rapidly through deep learning. Yet most existing approaches rely on costly supervised training and lack theoretical transparency. A new survey maps the rise of unsupervised deep learning for image reconstruction, from traditional denoising-based priors to modern diffusion models. These methods learn structured visual information directly from unlabeled data, and have achieved impressive performance across various fields, including biomedical imaging and remote sensing. The study shows how unsupervised learning based image reconstruction unites neural network efficiency with solid mathematical foundations to achieve both interpretability and flexibility, offering a blueprint for next-generation imaging systems.