Tiny ocean organisms living in oxygen-poor waters turn nutrients into nitrous oxide—a greenhouse gas far more powerful than carbon dioxide—via complex chemical pathways.

Penn’s Xin Sun and collaborators identified the how and why behind these chemical reactions, showing that microbial competition, not just chemistry, determines how much N₂O is produced.

Their findings pave the way for more reliable climate models, making global greenhouse gas estimates more effective, predictable, and easier to understand in response to natural and man-made climate change.

A University of Sydney student has developed a completely new way to peer inside coral fossils to recover lost records of past climate change. The method opens the door to recovering climate information from coral samples once written off as too altered to be useful

The increasing mismatch between hours of daylight and temperature could spell trouble for animals that thrive by relying on seasonal cues to prepare their bodies for winter, according to new research from Case Western Reserve University.

As climate change intensifies droughts worldwide, a new perspective published in Agricultural Ecology and Environment argues that the most effective defense against crop failures is not genetic engineering but better water management.

As the climate warms and nutrient inputs shift, algal communities in cool, clear mountain lakes like Lake Tahoe will likely experience seasonal changes, finds a UC Davis study.

How much people trust politicians affects their support for climate policies. The less trust we have in politicians, the less likely we are to accept climate policies that mean paying a price as individuals. And people are especially resistant towards taxes. These are the results of a new survey of over 6,000 respondents in four European countries.

A study of clam shells suggests Atlantic Ocean currents may be approaching a “tipping point”.

A new study from researchers at MBARI and the University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science—with an interdisciplinary team of collaborators from the Hakai Institute, Xiamen University, the University of British Columbia, the University of Southern Denmark, and Fisheries and Oceans Canada—has revealed the impacts of marine heatwaves on the foundation of the ocean food web. Pairing data from robotic floats deployed as part of the Global Ocean Biogeochemical Array with eDNA samples from ship-based plankton surveys, the team found that marine heatwaves can reshape ocean food webs, which in turn can slow the transport of carbon to the deep sea and hamper the ocean’s ability to buffer against climate change.