Researchers identified two opposing tumor-associated macrophage states that regulate T cell interferon signaling and immunotherapy response in gastric cancer. An interferon-responsive immune niche predicts improved outcomes, while lipid-driven macrophages suppress T cell function and contribute to resistance.

Bacteria naturally release microscopic particles known as bacterial extracellular vesicles. This review considers how these vesicles could be adapted for precision cancer medicine, from carrying drugs and activating immune responses to limiting metastasis and identifying cancer biomarkers. It also examines the practical obstacles ahead, including inconsistent production, safety risks, contamination and the lack of shared manufacturing and quality standards.

Engineered a DHB prodrug-based oral nano-emulsion with enhanced bioavailability, dramatically improving the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade therapy