The predominant treatment for prostate cancer, a prevalent malignancy in men, is the surgical removal of the prostate (radical prostatectomy) for which biopsy is a prerequisite. However, the high costs and associated complications of biopsy impose financial and health burdens on patients. A new study developed a diagnostic strategy for patients with prostate cancer to undergo radical prostatectomy without the need for biopsy, potentially decreasing hospital stay duration and reduced expenditure for patients.

This study investigated patients with primary lung cancer who received PET/CT scan, a medical imaging test, and subsequently underwent immunotherapy. The study quantitatively evaluated the degree of inflammation in lungs using AI analysis of PET/CT images. The results demonstrated that high degree of inflammation in lungs is related to high incidence of interstitial lung disease, a severe side effect of immunotherapy.