image: DNA samples from foraging honeybees, bees in the hive, and their honey are complementary in understanding honeybee ecology.
Credit: Simon Kadula, Unsplash, CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/)
DNA samples from foraging honeybees, bees in the hive, and their honey are complementary in understanding honeybee ecology, revealing their microbial and plant interactions over time
Article URL: https://plos.io/4v6g8Si
Article title: Inferring plant-bee-microbe associations: Foragers, hive workers, and honey tell complementary stories
Author countries: Sweden, Canada, Finland.
Funding: This research was funded by Umeå University (https://www.umu.se/) in the form of a starting grant received by HW which funds JTE and AC, as well as a grant received by HW from the Kone foundation (https://koneensaatio.fi/en/) grant number 201801360. No funding sources were involved in in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Carex EcoLogics provided support in the form of research software for the author AC but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section.
Journal
PLOS One
Article Title
Inferring plant-bee-microbe associations: Foragers, hive workers, and honey tell complementary stories
Article Publication Date
8-Jul-2026
COI Statement
Author ARC is the sole employee of the company Carex EcoLogics, which provides statistical analysis as a service and does not receive funding from non-academic sources. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.