image: (A) Common devices and sensors for pain assessment mounted on different accessories or skin. (B) Key physical and chemical biomarkers that reflect pain conditions and can be measured by current devices.
Credit: Feng Guo, Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University Bloomington
A review paper by scientists at the Indiana University Bloomington summarized recent engineering efforts in developing various sensors and devices for addressing challenges in the personalized treatment of pain.
The new review paper, published on 13 Sept in the journal Cyborg and Bionic Systems, critically examines the role of sensors and devices guided by artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of personalized pain medicine, highlighting their transformative impact on treatment outcomes and patient quality of life.
Pain, a complex and subjective experience, markedly diminishes individual quality of life and imposes substantial burdens on healthcare systems. Despite the acknowledged universality and significance of pain, its accurate assessment and effective management pose persistent difficulties. “Personalized pain medicine aims to tailor pain treatment strategies for the specific needs and characteristics of an individual patient, holding the potential for improving treatment outcomes, reducing side effects, and enhancing patient satisfaction. Despite existing pain markers and treatments, challenges remain in understanding, detecting, and treating complex pain conditions.” explained study author Feng Guo, a professor at the Indiana University Bloomington. Thus, they review recent engineering efforts in developing various sensors and devices for addressing challenges in the personalized treatment of pain. They summarize the basics of pain pathology and introduce various sensors and devices for pain monitoring, assessment, and relief. They also discuss advancements taking advantage of rapidly developing medical AI, such as AI-based analgesia devices, wearable sensors, and healthcare systems.
The potential of these intelligent sensors and devices to provide real-time, accurate pain assessment and responsive treatment options marks a pivotal shift toward more dynamic and patient-specific approaches. However, the adoption of these sophisticated technologies is accompanied by substantial technical, ethical, and practical challenges, notably including the critical need to ensure data privacy, manage the complexity of integrating AI systems, and enhance interoperability with existing medical infrastructures. Future research must address these challenges head-on, refining algorithms and enhancing system interoperability to foster broader adoption. “Looking forward, the field of pain medicine is poised for a paradigm shift, with AI-driven technologies at the forefront of this transformation. It is imperative that future studies not only continue to advance the technological capabilities but also rigorously evaluate their impact across diverse patient populations and pain conditions. Additionally, there is a need to explore the ethical dimensions of AI in pain management, ensuring that these innovations contribute positively to patient care without exacerbating existing disparities.” said Yantao Xing.
Despite the promising potential of smart devices and sensors in personalized pain medicine, challenges such as data accuracy, device reliability, privacy, security concerns, and the cost of technology need to be addressed. This review serves as a call to action for the multidisciplinary collaboration necessary to harness the full potential of sensors and devices guided by AI in revolutionizing pain management. The integration of these technologies into clinical practice promises not only enhanced patient outcomes but also a more nuanced understanding of pain mechanisms, ultimately leading to more effective and personalized treatment strategies.
Authors of the paper include Yantao Xing, Kaiyuan Yang, Albert Lu, Ken Mackie, Feng Guo
This work was supported by the NIH awards (U01DA056242 and DP2AI160242).
The paper, “Sensors and Devices Guided by Artificial Intelligence for Personalized Pain Medicine”, was published in the journal Cyborg and Bionic Systems on Sept 13, 2024, at DOI: 10.34133/cbsystems.0160.