Unlocking peach growth mysteries: a new gene analysis method

In a notable advancement, scientists have developed an efficient gene functional analysis method for peach seedlings, overcoming longstanding hurdles in genetic transformation. Utilizing a TRV-based vector system, this innovative approach induces high-frequency gene silencing across diverse plant tissues, enabling in-depth analysis of genes essential for growth and development. The streamlined process notably shortens the transformation and analysis timeline to just 1.5 months, accelerating advancements in horticultural research.

Peach, a valuable crop within the Rosaceae family, has historically faced challenges in genetic research due to the lack of robust transformation techniques. Current methods are often limited by tissue type and developmental constraints, hindering functional gene studies. While gene silencing methods like virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) have shown promise, their application in peach has been restricted by technical complexities. These challenges underscore the urgent need for more flexible and effective gene analysis techniques.

Scientists at Henan Agricultural University have addressed this gap with a novel TRV vector-based method, as reported (DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae155) in Horticulture Research on June 3, 2024. The technique employs a three-step procedure to efficiently silence genes related to key plant architecture traits, such as branch angle and height. By breaking down existing barriers in genetic transformation, this method offers a valuable tool for researchers exploring the genetic underpinnings of plant growth.

The study’s method begins by removing the seed coat and one cotyledon from germinated seeds, followed by vacuum infiltration with Agrobacterium containing TRV vectors. The seedlings are then grown in soil for phenotyping. This approach achieved gene silencing rates between 48% and 87%, effectively targeting genes like PpMAX4 and PpWEEP. Notably, silencing PpMAX4 increased lateral branching and root mass, while PpWEEP silencing resulted in pendulous growth in dark conditions. The method also succeeded in silencing multiple homologous DELLA genes, addressing functional redundancy and enabling detailed analysis of gene roles in peach growth and development.

“This method transforms our approach to gene functional analysis in peach and potentially other woody plants,” said Dr. Jiancan Feng, one of the lead researchers. “By overcoming technical barriers in genetic transformation, it provides a highly efficient tool to investigate genetic functions that influence key traits in seedlings.”

The method's potential extends beyond peach, offering promising applications in breeding programs for various woody species. By facilitating precise analysis of genes linked to growth traits, this approach could significantly impact tree genetics research, supporting targeted breeding strategies aimed at enhancing crop resilience and performance. Future studies will focus on optimizing transformation efficiency and exploring its use in other economically important species.

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References

DOI

10.1093/hr/uhae155

Original Source URL

https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhae155

Funding information

The work was conducted at the Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fruit and Cucurbit Biology, the International Joint Laboratory of Henan Horticultural Crop Biology, Henan Engineering and Technology Center for Peach Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, and supported by the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1804114), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2019YFD1000104), and the Modern Agricultural Industry Technology Project of Henan Province (HARS-22-09-G1).

About Horticulture Research

Horticulture Research is an open access journal of Nanjing Agricultural University and ranked number two in the Horticulture category of the Journal Citation Reports ™ from Clarivate, 2023. The journal is committed to publishing original research articles, reviews, perspectives, comments, correspondence articles and letters to the editor related to all major horticultural plants and disciplines, including biotechnology, breeding, cellular and molecular biology, evolution, genetics, inter-species interactions, physiology, and the origination and domestication of crops.