Novel micro-OLED technology with over 20K ppi resolution

From OLED displays to programmable lighting and biosensors, organic semiconductors have found increasing applications since thin-film devices were first reported in the 1980s. Recently, the rapid development of wearable electronics has driven the evolution towards ever-higher device resolutions, enabling immersive experiences in near-eye displays like virtual and augmented reality devices.

In a review published in the KeAi journal Wearable Electronics, scientists from Germany and China summarized their systematic work in developing a photolithography-compatible technology for the fabrication of ultra-high-resolution organic semiconductor devices.

“For inorganic semiconductors like silicon, device dimensions are approaching 1 nm using well-developed photolithographic technology, enabling the integration of 200 million transistors in an area of just one square millimeter,” explains Wenchong Wang, a senior scientist at the University of Muenster. “Unfortunately, due to the deterioration caused by UV light and solvents to organic materials, photolithography technology cannot be simply applied. Alternative patterning methods, like fine metal masks, have resolutions of only tens of micrometers, limiting the number of devices on a square millimeter to hundreds.”

Given the potential for ultra-high resolution, photolithography would be an ideal patterning method for organic materials if it could be performed without damaging their functionalities. The researchers addressed this challenge by introducing the strategy of “first surface patterning and then patterned growth.” What this means is that the substrate surface was first patterned by lithography before organic materials were introduced. Subsequently, organic semiconductor molecules were deposited, allowing them to diffuse on the surface and selectively grown at designated areas, resulting in pattern formation and device fabrication on substrates.

As a result, OLEDs with resolutions of over 20K ppi were achieved, meeting the requirements for next-generation displays.

“Our approach avoids the damage caused by lithographic procedures to organic semiconductors, offering significant advantages in terms of surface engineering and device resolution,” noted Lifeng Chi, the study’s lead investigator and professor at Soochow University. “Future wearable electronics will require monolithic integration of multifunctional systems on a chip, including information collection, transmission, processing, storage, and display. Together with our collaborators, we are working towards even more advanced and compact devices.”

###

Contact the author: Lifeng Chi, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China. Chilf@suda.edu.cn

Wenchong Wang, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Münster 48149, Germany. wangwenchong@hotmail.com

The publisher KeAi was established by Elsevier and China Science Publishing & Media Ltd to unfold quality research globally. In 2013, our focus shifted to open access publishing. We now proudly publish more than 100 world-class, open access, English language journals, spanning all scientific disciplines. Many of these are titles we publish in partnership with prestigious societies and academic institutions, such as the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC).