Figure 3 (IMAGE)
Caption
(a) Quasiparticle interference pattern observed near the van Hove singularity by STM measurements. A horizontally elongated elliptical pattern with two-fold rotational symmetry is seen at the center, as indicated by the red curve. (b) Schematic illustration of the electronic nematic state. The spatial distribution of electronic states, schematically shown in light blue, normally has the same six-fold rotational symmetry as the honeycomb lattice; that is, it overlaps with itself after a 60-degree rotation, like a hexagon (left). In the electronic nematic state, the distribution becomes elongated along the horizontal direction and changes into a two-fold symmetric state, which overlaps with itself after a 180-degree rotation (right).
Credit
T. Kato et al.
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