Figure 1 | fRSOM procedure to assess skin microvasculature endothelial function. (IMAGE)
Caption
Figure 1 | fRSOM procedure to assess skin microvasculature endothelial function. a. Schematic illustration of assessment of skin microvascular endothelial function at the forearm by fRSOM and O2C, and macrovascular function assessed by ultrasound (US) during a PORH (post-occlusive reactive hyperemia) test (see Methods); O2C: oxygen to see, a commercial system including laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and White-Light Spectroscopy (WLS), simultaneously records blood flow, partial blood volume (rHb) and oxygen saturation (SO2), LP: laser pulse. b. The timeline showing 3D-RSOM, fRSOM, and simultaneous LDF and WLS assessments during a post-occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH) test (2 min baseline, 5 min after inflating the cuff (Cuff on) and 3 min after deflating the cuff (Cuff off)). c. Cross-sectional image of the 3D-RSOM scan at the forearm of a healthy volunteer. Corresponding MIP images of the (d) epidermis (EP) and (e) dermis (DR) layers of (c) in the coronal direction. The 3D RSOM images are color-coded to represent the two reconstructed frequency bands (red: larger structures in the bandwidth of 10-40 MHz; green: smaller structures in the bandwidth of 40-120 MHz). The 3D RSOM volume was acquired in a region 4 mm (x-axis) × 2 mm (y-axis), and z is the depth axis. f. Raw optoacoustic signals of one fRSOM line scan. The scan region of fRSOM is 4 mm (x-axis) × z (depth axis). g. the Reconstructed image corresponding to (f). The arrows show the upper subpapillary dermis (SD) layer and the lower reticular dermis (RD) layer—scale bar: 500 µm.
Credit
Vasilis Ntziachristos et al.
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CC BY