Study finds ocean impacts nearly double economic cost of climate change
Peer-Reviewed Publication
Updates every hour. Last Updated: 21-Apr-2026 14:16 ET (21-Apr-2026 18:16 GMT/UTC)
For the first time, a study from researchers at Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California San Diego integrates climate-related damages to the ocean into the social cost of carbon— a measure of economic harm caused by greenhouse gas emissions.
An international study, featuring CMCC scientists, reveals that the true economic damage of climate change has been vastly underestimated – because the ocean has been left out of the equation. By integrating the latest ocean science into climate-economic models, researchers found that accounting for climate impacts on marine ecosystems and ocean-dependent infrastructure nearly doubles the social cost of carbon. The hidden ocean cost is estimated at $48 per tonne of CO₂, a figure that should be added to current policy calculations.
A new study published in Nature finds human-driven land sinking now outpaces sea-level rise in many of the world’s major delta systems, threatening more than 236 million people.