Researchers analyzing paired bone marrow and peripheral blood samples from healthy adults found that bone marrow serves as a major reservoir of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactive memory CD4⁺ T cells. It contains markedly higher absolute numbers of these cells and is enriched for polyfunctional memory T cells capable of producing multiple cytokines, a profile associated with stronger recall responses. These findings may help inform future strategies to better understand and prevent VZV reactivation.

Researchers at Gansu Agricultural University discovered that Alternaria alternata uses chitin deacetylases (CDAs) to modify its cell wall, effectively hiding from the host’s immune system to facilitate infection.