When robots perform complex tasks, the pose accuracy of the end-effector is critical. However, errors from individual joints tend to accumulate along the kinematic chain, making it challenging to guarantee high pose precision at the end-effector. To address this issue, this study proposes a virtual-constraints-based end-effector pose compensator (VEPC). The method treats the actual angles of specific joints as known inputs and automatically adjusts the remaining joint angles in real time, effectively eliminating the pose errors of the end-effector caused by the joints. Experimental results demonstrate that the method can reduce the maximum end-effector position error by over 75%. Moreover, the method requires no additional sensors, offering low cost and high compatibility.

A team of researchers from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) has published a comprehensive review in Science China Chemistry, highlighting the latest breakthroughs in "top-down" synthesis strategies for single-atom catalysts (SACs). Led by Prof. Huang Zhou and Prof. Yuen Wu from USTC’s Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry and Deep Space Exploration Laboratory, the review systematically summarizes a decade of progress in the field, offering valuable insights for advancing SACs’ practical application.

In a paper published in SCIENCE CHINA Chemistry, a research team led by Prof. Hao Sun at Shanghai Jiao Tong University discussed the material designs and process optimization of dry-coating electrode fabrication toward sustainable battery production. The review identifies the key challenge of uneven component dispersion in solvent-free systems and introduces emerging strategies designed to effectively address this issue, including the use of composite binders, functional additives, and thermal-assisted processing. These advances enable the fabrication of electrodes that combine structural integrity with enhanced electrochemical performance, while simultaneously reducing manufacturing costs and energy consumption. By elucidating fundamental design principles and presenting practical pathways, this review contributes to the development of more efficient and environmentally sustainable battery technologies.

Ammonia is a critical chemical for fertilizers that support global food production, and it is increasingly seen as a carbon-free energy carrier. However, the traditional Haber-Bosch process relies on fossil fuels and produces significant carbon emissions. A new review outlines emerging renewable-powered alternatives that can synthesize ammonia under milder conditions using electricity or sunlight. Researchers are also exploring the conversion of nitrogen pollutants such as nitrate and nitrite into ammonia, linking environmental cleanup with sustainable manufacturing. Advances in catalyst design and real-time monitoring are accelerating progress toward scalable, low-carbon ammonia production for a more sustainable future.

The team led by Prof. Gengtao Fu from Nanjing Normal University has successfully enhanced the electrocatalytic oxidation performance of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) by employing a rare-earth Cerium (Ce) doping strategy to tune the geometric and electronic structure of a CuO catalyst. This catalyst achieves efficient conversion of HMF to FDCA with near-theoretical-limit Faradaic efficiency (98.4%) and high production rate. By enabling optimal configuration matching, it effectively reduces steric hindrance, offering a novel approach for biomass electrocatalytic conversion.